| Term | Definition |
| x-rays | Waves that can be used to take an image of and observe the condition of bone and in some instances tissue |
| Concave | An adjective decribing a surface that curves inward in the middle |
| Convex | An adjective decribing a surface that curves outward in the middle |
| Lens | A curved, transparent object that either focuses light rays or spreads them apart |
| Light | A form of energy that can serve as a source of illumination |
| Mirror | A shiny object that reflects light |
| Opaque | An adjective describing an object that absorbs and or reflects all light |
| Plane | Any flat, level or uncurved surface |
| Shadow | Created when light from a source is blocked by an object |
| Spectrum | The intensity of light at different frequencies or the distribution of wavelengths and frequencies |
| Transparent | An adjective describing substances that allow light to pass through and neither absorb nor reflect light |
| Intensity | The amount of power a sound wave carries |
| Larynx | Sound- producing structure at the top of the windpipe, also known as the voice box. |
| Pitch | How we hear sounds with different frequencies; low frequencies sound low; while high frequencies sound high |
| Sound | A sequence of vibrations that travels through air or another material |
| Vocal Cords | Structures in the larynx that enable humans to produce a wide range of sounds |