| Term | Definition |
| primary source | Document or artifact created by a person who witnessed a historical event |
| secondary source | Work produced about a historical event by someone not actually there. |
| hunter-gatherers | People who hunt animals and gather plants for food. |
| nomads | Members of a group of people who have no set home, but move from place to place |
| migration | Process of moving to a new region. |
| technology | People's application of knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet their needs. |
| religion | Worship of God, gods, or spirits |
| domesticate | To adapt or breed plants or animals for human use |
| agriculture | Cultivation of soil to produce crops |
| bands | Small groups of families living and acting cooperatively |
| ravines | Deep, narrow valleys. |