1.
alloys: are solid solutions of metals or nonmetals dissolved in metals
ex: brass is an alloy of the metal zinc dissolved in copper
2.
any proportion: the components of a mixture can be mixed in ...
3.
chemical change: a change that occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties; cannot be reversed using physical means
4.
chemical changes: compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by what...
5.
chemical property: describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with different properties
6.
colloids: mixtures that contain particles too small to settle out or be filtered but large enough to scatter light
ex: milk, mayo, stick deodorant, gelatin and whipped cream.
7.
compare/contrast element vs compound: •element is a pure substance cannot be changed into a simpler substance Compounds can be broken down into elements
•compounds are made up of elements that are chemically combined which are always in the same specific ratio according to their masses.
•Both elements and compounds have unique set of properties that allows you to distinguish them from one another.
8.
Compound: Each ... has a unique set of physical and chemical properties that are different from the properties of the elements that compose it
9.
Compound: a pure substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined
10.
concentration: is a measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent
11.
dilute: reduced in strength or concentration or quality or purity
12.
dissolving: The process in which particles of substances separate and spread evenly throughout a mixture is known as...
13.
Do the properties of pure water from a glacier and a desert oasis differ?: No, the properties of pure water are the same no matter what its source is
14.
effervescence: the process of bubbling as gas escapes
15.
Element: is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler by physical or chemical means
16.
Element: has a unique set of physical and chemical properties
17.
heterogeneous: mixture, a combination of substances in which different components are easily observed
18.
homogeneous: •mixture; a combination of substances in which the appearance and properties are the same throughout
19.
matter: anything that has volume and mass
20.
Metalloids: •aka semiconductors, are elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals
•some shiny, some dull
•somewhat malleable and ductile
•some conduct thermal energy and electric current well
•ex: silicon, used in computer chip (other elements must be added to make it a working chip)
21.
Metals: •elements that are shiny
•are good conductors of thermal energy and electric current
•they are malleable (they can be hammered into thin sheets)
•are ductile (they can be drawn into thin wires)
•ex: iron and copper
22.
Metals, Nonmetals, or Metalloids: elements are classified as these, based on their properties
23.
mixing, heating, and crushing: all methods used to make a solute dissolve faster
24.
mixture: is a combination of two or more substances, each of which keeps its own characteristics, that are not chemically combined
25.
Nonmetals: •elements that are dull (not shiny)
•are poor conductors of thermal energy and electric current
•solid tend to be brittle and unmalleable
•ex: neon used in lights and graphite (carbon) used in pencils
26.
physical change: a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance; many are easy to undo
27.
physical means: mixtures can be separated by..., such as filtration and evaporation
28.
physical property: a property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of matter
29.
pure substance: A substance in which all the particles are alike
30.
saturated: A solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature is said to be...
31.
solubility: of a solute is the amount of solute needed to make a saturated solution using a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature
•soluble - able to dissolve
•insoluble - unable to dissolve
32.
solute: the substance that is dissolved
33.
solution: •is a mixture that appears to be a single substance but is composed of particles of two or more substances that are distributed evenly amongst each other
•They do not settle, cannot be filtered, and do not scatter light b/c particles are so small
•often described as homogenous mixtures because they have the same appearance and properties throughout the mixture
34.
solvent: the substance in which the solute is dissolved
35.
suspensions: are heterogeneous mixtures that contain particles large enough to settle out, be filtered, and block or scatter light
ex: snow globe or italian salad dressing
36.
their masses: the elements that form a compound always combine in a specific ratio according to...
37.
unsaturated: an ______solution contains less solute than it can hold at a given temperature. more solute can be dissolved.
