Brain Anatomy GTC
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54 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Arbor vitae | tree like white matter structure seen in mid sagittal section of the cerebellum |
| vermis | cerebellar hemispheres are connected by a structure called the |
| cerebral aqueduct | connection between the third and fourth ventricle |
| abducens nerve | cranial nerve that abducts the eyeball |
| trigeminal nerve | cranial nerve that brings sensory impulses from the face |
| vagus | cranial nerve that carries autonomic fibers to the heart |
| oculomotor nerve | cranial nerve that innervates the constrictor papillae muscle |
| facial nerve | cranial nerve that innervates the lacrimal gland |
| trigeminal | cranial nerve that innervates the masseter muscle |
| hypoglossal nerve | cranial nerve that innervates the tongue |
| accessory | cranial nerve that innervates the trapezius |
| olfactory, optic, vestibulocochlear nerve | cranial nerves that are purely sensory |
| oculomotor, trochlear nerve, abducens nerve | cranial nerves that control eye movement |
| pia mater | deepest layer of the meninges |
| arachnoid villi | extensions of the arachnoid into the superior sagittal sinus |
| falx cerebri | fold of dura mater that extends into the longitudinal fissure |
| cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum | four parts of the brain |
| function of basal nuclei | semi-automatic movement, making movements appropriate for the task |
| motivation, learning, emotions | function of limbic system |
| coordination and equilibrium | function of the cerebellum |
| function of the thalamus | sensory relay station, involved in motor movement, limbic system |
| nuclei | groups of cell bodies in CNS |
| dopamine | inhibitory neurotransmitter in the basal nuclei |
| longitudinal fissure | large cleft between right and left cerebral hemispheres |
| subarachnoid space | layer of the meninges where CSF is found |
| mesencephalon (midbrain) | location of the reticular activating center |
| brainstem | location of the reticular formation |
| dura mater | most superficial layer of the meninges |
| examples of basal nuclei | corpus striatum, globus pallidus, putamen, substantia nigra, red nucleus |
| hypothalamus, amygdaloid body, cingulated gyrus, mammillary body, fornis, etc. | name some structures of the limbic system |
| name the four ventricles | lateral (2), third, fourth |
| norephinephrine and serotonin | neurotransmitters of the reticular activating center |
| sneezing, hiccuping, vomiting, coughing, etc. | non vital centers located in the medulla oblongata |
| thalamus | part of the brain that acts as a sensory relay station |
| mesencephalon | part of the brain that contains the cerebral aqueduct |
| hypothalamus | part of the brain that controls appetite and thirst |
| hypothalamus | part of the brain that controls the pituitary gland |
| epithalamus | part of the brain that makes melatonin |
| substantia nigra | part of the brain that synthesizes dopamine |
| temporal lobe | primary auditory cortex |
| precentral gyrus | primary motor cortex |
| postcentral gyurs | primary somatosensory cortex |
| occipital lobe | primary visual cortex |
| choroid plexus | structure that makes cerebrospinal fluid |
| central sulcus | sulcus between the frontal and parietal lobes |
| mesencephalon (midbrain), pons, medulla oblongata | three parts of the brain stem |
| epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus | three parts to the diencephalon |
| projection tracts | tracts that run from higher to lower brain centers |
| commissures | tracts that run from the right to the left side of the brain |
| ependymal | type of neuroglial cell that lines the ventricles |
| respiratory center | vital center located in the pons |
| respiratory, cardia, vasomotor center | vital centers located in the medulla oblongata |
| what is a homunculus? | caricature of the body as seen on the pre and post central gyurs |
| blood | what is normally found in the superior sagittal sinus? |
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