| Term | Definition |
|---|
| when food is swallowed it enters the | oropharynx then the laryngopharynx |
| epiglottis | cartilaginous flap that folds down to cover the larynx and trachea so that food is prevented from entering the respiratory tract and instead continues into the esophagus |
| esophagus | muscular tube of about 10" long in adults |
| peristalsis | wavelike muscular contractions along the esophagus, pushes food through the entire GI tract |
| stomach | j shaped muscular organ; bag/sac that collects and churns food with digestive juices; composed of three parts |
| three parts of stomach | fundus, body, antrum |
| fundus | upper region |
| body | main portion of the stomach |
| antrum | lower region |
| rugae | folds in the lining of the stomach; when stomach fills with food they stretch out and disappear |
| hydrochloric acid | secreted by glands in the mucous membrane lining of the stomach |
| chyme | semisoft mixture of food and digestive fluids that pass from the stomach into the small intestine |
| sphincters | muscular valves that controll the entry in and exit from the stomach; ensure that food can only move forwad down the gut tube |
| cardiac sphincter, loweresophageal sphincter | named for proximity to the heart; located between the esophagus and the fundus; keeps food from flowing backward into the esophagus |
| pyloric sphincter | regulates the passage of food into the small intestine |
| small intestine, small bowel | major site of digestion and absorption fo nutrients from food; located between the pyloric sphincter |
| three sections of the small intestine | duodenum, jejunum and ileum |
| duodenum | from the pyloric sphincter to the jejunum; about 10-12" |
| jejunum | middle portion, extend from the duodenum to the ileum and is about 8 ft long |
| ileum | last portion of the small intestine and extends from the jejunum to the colon; 12 ft long |
| ileocecal valve | sphincter that connects the ileum to the colon |
| feces, stool | solid waste material that remains after absorbtion |
| colon | 5 ft long and extends from the ileocecal valve to the small intestine |
| anus | the terminal opening of the digestive tube |
| cecum | pouch or saclike area in the first two to three inches at the beginning of the colon |
| vermiform appendix | small worm shaped outgrowth at the end of the cecum |
| remaining colon consists of | ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon |
| ascending colon | right side extending from the cecum to the lower border of the liver |
| transverse colon | begins where the ascending colon leasves off and moves horizontally across the upper abdomen toward the spleen |
| descending colon | travels down the left side of the body where the sigmoid colon begins |
| sigmoid colon | curves in an s shape back to the midline of the body and ends at the rectum |
| rectum | where feces is stored, leads inot the anus |
| anal sphincter | sphincter of the anus that consists of rings of voluntary and involuntary muscles to control the evauation of feces |
| defecation | feces, stool |
Combine with other sets
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