AP Government Chapter 3
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Created by:
neveroddoreven on March 6, 2011
Subjects:
federalism, american government, ap us government, ap government
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 devolution | the transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to the states |
| block grants | Money from the national government that states can spend within broad guidelines determined by Washington |
| Sovereignty | supreme or ultimate political authority |
| unitary system | sovereignty is in the hands of the national government |
| confederation system | government in which the states are sovereign and the national government is allowed to do only that which the states permit |
| federal system | government in which sovereignty is shared between state and national governments |
| federal regime | government in which local units of government have a specially protected existence and can make some final decisions over some governmental activities. |
| federation | a type of government that links different groups together and derives its power directly from the people |
| McCulloch v. Maryland | established that Congress may establish a bank because it was "necessary and proper" and that the federal bank could not be taxed by the state |
| Hamilton | president who believed the national government was the superior and leading force in political affairs and that its powers ought to be broadly defined and liberally construed |
| Jefferson | president who argued for states rights as opposed to national supremacy |
| necessary and proper clause | constitutional authorization for Congress to make any law required to carry out its powers |
| nullification | The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state's opinion, violates the Constitution. |
| dual federalism | A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies. |
| interstate commerce | commerce between two or more states which can be regulated by the federal government |
| intrastate commerce | commerce occurring within one state which cannot be regulated by the federal government |
| police power | state power to enact laws promoting health, safety, and morals |
| initiative | Procedure whereby a certain number of voters may, by petition, propose a law or constitutional amendment and have it submitted to the voters |
| referendum | The practice of letting voters accept or reject measures proposed by the legislature |
| recall | gives citizens a chance to remove an elected official from office before the person's term ends |
| grants-in-aid | Money given by the national government to the states |
| land grants | areas of land given to settlers by the government in hopes of expanding growth in the west. They were used to fund colleges, wagon roads, canals, and railroads |
| categorical grants | Federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport |
| revenue sharing | Federal sharing of a fixed percentage off its revenue with the states |
| conditions of aid | Terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain funds |
| mandates | Terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants |
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