AP Bio-Ch. 21
About this set
Created by:
Tobes on March 6, 2011
Subjects:
ap biology, mayer biology, ap bio, ap biology vocab, ap biology vocabulary, ap biology review, ap bio vocab, biology, biology vocab, mcgraw hill ap biology, mcgraw hill biology, madder, chapter 21
Description:
McGraw Hill 8th Edition by Sylvia S. Mader. 34 Vocab
Classes:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Archae | One of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that often live in extreme habitats and have unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics; its members are sometimes referred to as archae. |
| Bacteria | One of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that differ from archae because they have their own unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics |
| Bacteriophage | Virus that infects bacteria |
| Binary fission | Splitting of a parent cell into two daughter cells; serves as an asexual form of reproduction in bacteria. |
| Capsid | Composed of protein subunits and an inner core of nucleic acid - either DNA or RNA, but not both |
| Chemoautotroph | Organism able to synthesize organic molecules by using carbon dioxide as the carbon source and the oxidation of an inorganic substance (such as hydrogen sulfide) as the energy source. |
| Chemoheterotroph | Organism that is unable to produce its own organic molecules, and therefore requires organic nutrients in its diet |
| Conjugation | Transfer of genetic material from one cell to another |
| Cyanobacteria | Photosynthetic bacterium that contains chlorophyll and releases oxygen; formerly called a blue-green algae |
| Endospore | Spore formed within a cell; certain bacteria form endospores |
| Facultative anaerobe | Prokaryote that is able to grow in either the presence or the absence of gaseous oxygen |
| Fimbriae | Fingerlike extension from the oviduct near the ovary |
| Flagella | Long, slender extension used for locomotion by some bacteria, protozoans, and sperm |
| Halophile | Type of archae that lives in extremely salty habitats |
| Lichen | Symbiotic relationship between certain fungi and algae, in which the fungi possibly provide inorganic food or water and the algae provide organic food |
| Lysogenic cycle | Bacteriophage life cycle in which the virus incorporates its DNA into that of bacterium; occurs preliminary to the lytic cycle |
| Lytic cycle | Bacteriophage life cycle in which the virus takes over the operation of the bacterium immediately upon entering it and subsequently destroys the bacterium |
| Mad cow disease | outbreak in Great Britain of bovin spongiform encephalopathy (BSE); cattle feed was supplemented with remains of sheep that died of scrapie, another prion disease |
| Methanogen | Type of archae that lives in oxygen-free habitats, such as swamps, and releases methane gas |
| Nucleoid | Region of prokaryotic cells where DNA is located; it is not bounded by a nuclear envelope |
| Obligate anaerobe | Prokaryote unable to grow in the presence of free oxygen |
| Peptidoglycan | Unique molecule found in bacterial cell walls |
| Photoautotroph | Organism able to synthesize organic molecules by using carbon dioxide as the carbon source and sunlight as the energy source |
| Plasmid | Self-duplicating ring of accessory DNA in the cytoplasm of bacteria |
| Prion | Infectious particle consisting of protein only and no nucleic acid |
| Prokaryote | Organism that lacks the membrane-bounded nucleus and membranous organelles typical of eukaryotes |
| Retrovirus | RNA virus containing the enzyme reverse transcriptase that carries out RNA/DNA transcription |
| Saprotroph | Organism that secretes digestive enzymes and absorbs the resulting nutrients back across the plasma membrane |
| Symbiotic (symbiosis) | Relationship that occurs when two different species live together in a unique way; it may be beneficial, neutral, or detrimental to one and/or the other species |
| Thermoacidophile | Type of archaea that lives in hot, acidic, aquatic habitats, such as hot springs or near hydrothermal vents |
| Transduction | Exchange of DNA between bacteria by means of a bacteriophage |
| Transformation | Taking up extraneous genetic material from the environment by bacteria |
| Viroid | Infectious strand of RNA devoid of a capsid and much smaller than a virus |
| Virus | Noncellular parasitic agent consisting of an outer capsid and an inner core of nucleic acid |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.