| Term | Definition |
| culture | all the features of a society's way of life |
| culture trait | activities and behaviors that people repeatedly practice |
| culture region | an area that has many shared culture traits |
| ethnic group | a population that shares the same cultural background |
| innovation | new ideas that are accepted into a culture |
| diffusion | when a culture trait spreads into another culture region |
| acculturation | when one culture changes a great deal through its meeting with another culture |
| domestication | the growing or taming of a plant or animal |
| subsistence agriculture | growing food on small farms mostly for one's own family |
| commercial agriculture | growing crops for sale |
| urbanization | growth in the proportion of people living in towns and cities |
| culture hearths | regions of important new ideas and developments |
| fundamentalism | a movement that stresses the strict following of basic traditional principles |
| totalitarian government | only a few people decide what is best for everyone |
| democratic government | everyone has a voice in deciding what is best for everyone |
| nationalism | the desire for political independence of people who feel they are historically or culturally a separate group within a country; it is often associated with the belief that a particular nation is better than any other nation, and in this case is often used showing disapproval |
| tariff | taxes placed on imports and exports |
| quota | limit on the amount of a particular good that can be imported |
| industrialization | the overall change in circumstances accompanying a society's movement population and resources from farm production to manufacturing production and associated services |
| xenophobia | a fear of foreigners or things foreign |