Science Test on Volcanoes
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Created by:
KateInMaine on March 8, 2011
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Magma | Molten rock, underground. |
| Volcano | A weak spot in the crust where magma can escape. |
| Lava | Molten rock, above ground |
| Ring of Fire | A major volcanic belt, formed by the many volcanoes that rim the pacific ocean. |
| Pahoehoe | Fast moving, hot lava, low viscosity. Looks like a solid mass of rope-like coils. |
| Aa | Cooler, slower-moving lava, high viscosity. Rough, jagged surface. |
| Island Arc | A string of islands formed by the volcanoes along a deep-ocean trench. |
| Hot Spot | Volcano where magma from the mantle melts through the crust. |
| Viscosity | A liquids resistance to flowing. |
| Silica | A material found in magma. Causes explosive eruptions. |
| Magma Chamber | The pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects. |
| Pipe | A long tube through which magma moves from the magma chamber to the earth's surface. |
| Vent | Same as pipe. |
| Lava Flow | The area covered by lava as it pours out of a volcano's vent. |
| Crater | The top of a volcano. |
| Pyroclastic Flow | Expulsion of ash, cinders, bombs, gasses |
| Dormant | A volcano that is not active, but isn't dead yet |
| Extinct | The volcano will never erupt again supposedly |
| Shield Volcano | Wide, gently sloping, made of lava layers, quiet eruptions |
| Composite Volcano | Steep, alternates between quiet and explosive eruptions, made of lava and pyroclastic flow |
| Cinder Cone Volcano | Steep, explosive eruptions, made out of pyroclastic flow |
| Caldera | The large hole at the top of a volcano formed when the roof the magma chamber collapses. |
| Volcanic Neck | A deposit of hardened magma in a volcano's pipe. |
| Dike | Vertical pathways of magma |
| Sill | Horizontal pathways of magma |
| Batholith | A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust. |
| Geyser | A fountain of water and steam that builds up pressure underground and erupts at regular intervals. |
| Cinders | Small rocks |
| Bombs | Huge rocks |
| Hot Springs | When there is a crack in the crust underwater, so that the water is heated |
| Mud Pots | Boiling pot of mud |
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