Biology Chapter 11
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Invertebrates | Animals that lack a backbone |
| Vertebrates | Animals with a backbone |
| Spherical Symmetry | It can be cut in to two identical halves by any cut that runs through the organism's center. |
| Radial Symmetry | It can be cut into two identical halves by any longitudinal cut through its center. |
| Bilateral Symmetry | It can only be cut into two identical halves by a single longitudinal cut along its center which divides it into right and left halves. |
| Epidermis | Outer layer of cells designed to provide protection. |
| Mesenchyme | The jellylike surface that seperates the epidermis from the inner cells in a sponge. |
| Collar Cells | Flagellated cells that push water through a sponge. |
| Amoebocytes | Cells that move using pseudopods and perform a variety of functions in animals. |
| Gemmule | A cluster of cells encased in a hard, spicule-reinforced shell. |
| Polyp | The sessile, tubular form of a cnidarianwith a mouth and tentacles at one end and a basal disk at the other. |
| Medusa | A free swimming cnidarian with a bell shaped body and tentacles. |
| Epithelium | Animal tissue consisting of one or more layers of cells that have only one free surface, because the other surface adheres to a membrane or other substance. |
| Mesoglea | The jelly-like substance that separates the epithelial cells in a cnidarien. |
| Nematocysts | Small capsules that contain a toxin that is injected into prey or predators. |
| Testes | Organs that produce sperm. |
| Ovaries | Organs that produce eggs. |
| Anterior end | The end of an animal that contains its head. |
| Posterior end | The end of an animal that contains its tail. |
| Circulatory System | A system designed to transport food and other necessary substances throughout a creatures body. |
| Nervous System | A system of sensitive cells that respond to stimuli such as sound, touch, and taste. |
| Ganglia | Masses of nerve cell bodies. |
| Hermaphroditic | Possessing both the male and female reproductive organs. |
| Regeneration | The ability to regrow a missing part of the body. |
| Mantle | A sheath of tissue that encloses the vital organs of a mollusk, secretes its shell, and performs respiration. |
| Shell | A tough multi-layered strucutre secreted by the mantle, generally used for protection, but sometimes for body support. |
| Visceral Hump | A hump that contains a mollusk's heart, digestive and excretory organs. |
| Foot | A muscular organ that is used for locomotion and takes a variety of forms depending on the animal. |
| Radula | An organ covered with teeth that mollusks use to scrape food into their mouths. |
| Univalve | An organism with a single shell. |
| Bivalve | An organism with two shells. |
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