1.
abscisic acid: inhibits growth of seeds and other extremedies of a plant
2.
Addhesion: sticks to surface
3.
Adventitious Root: Grows from another part of the plant
4.
Algea: original "Plant" that land plants changed from
5.
Angiosperm: Flowers, Fruit, Seeds(Protected Seeds)
6.
annual: yearly
7.
Annual Rings: spring plus summer wood
8.
anthocyanin: red
9.
Apical Dominance: Plant grows taller than it does wide
10.
asexual: genetic info is not exchanged
11.
atolons: whole stem goes under gorund (natural)
12.
auxin: hormone used to produce seedless fruit or to prevent the abcission of fruit
13.
auxins: help apical dominance
14.
Berry: ovary
15.
Beryy example: tomato
16.
biennial: every 2 years
17.
Bryophytes: 1st land plant
Non-Vascular plany that had to stay moist
Ex= Mosses and liverworts
18.
Bryophytes: small, no true roots, water for reproduction, no vascular tissue, needs to stay damp
19.
bud grafting: grafting single buds onto plants
20.
cambium: adds a new layer of xylem and phloem each year
21.
capillary: sourrounds the plant (best for plants)
22.
carotene: orange
23.
chlorophyll: green
24.
cohesion: sticks to eachother
25.
Conifers: most successful group of the Gymnosperms
26.
cork: water proof
27.
cortex: under cork
28.
cuttings: grow new plants from the leaves
29.
deciduous: loses all leaves at one time
30.
dehiscent: split open
31.
Deliquescent Growth: Round, fat shape
32.
Dicot: unravles 2 leaves at the same time
33.
Diffuse Root: All roots are equal in size (holds the soil the best)
34.
Dormancy: Inactive Period
35.
double feritlization: one sperm goes for the egg the other goes and makes the endosperm
36.
Drupe: Outer Ovary Layer
37.
Drupe example: peach
38.
endosperm: to be eaten by the new plant
39.
epidermis: protection
40.
ethylene: ripening
41.
evergreen: never loses leaves
42.
Examples of Dry fruit: Samara, nut, pod
43.
Examples of Tropism: Phototropism, gravitropism, geotropism, hydrotropism, chemotropism
44.
Excurrent Growth: Tall, thin shape
45.
External factors include:: moisture, light, temperature, contact with solid objects, grqavity, and day/night cycle
46.
Filicineae: seddless Tracheophte
ex= fern
47.
flower: modified leaves
48.
fruit: mature ovary
49.
Gametophyte generation: gamete-producing
50.
ginko Tree: living fossil
51.
girdiling: removal of the bark down to the cambium
52.
grafting: adding parts of one plant to another
53.
gravitational: water table level too far down for plants
54.
guttation: extra turgor pressure (little leaf droplets)
55.
Gymnosperms: "Naked Seeds"
unprotected seeds
56.
Heartwood: old dark center
57.
herbaceous: soft
58.
Hormones: Growth Regulators
59.
How did Plants change from water to land?: Obtained vascular tissue, developed Rhizomes, conserved water, and grew roots, stems, and leaves
60.
humus: decayed material ontop of soil
61.
hygroscopic: microscopic film for water
62.
indehiscent: do not split open
63.
Lateral Bud: Side of Blade (Axelarie Bud)
64.
layering: simple, mound, air
65.
leaf margins: grow new plants from the leaf
66.
Leaf Scar: when bud falls of it leaves a scar
67.
Lenticel: How stem breathes (Little dots)
68.
loam: best type of soil
69.
meristematic: "Growing"...forms new buds
70.
Monocots: unravels 1 leaf at a time
71.
Nastic Response: Dependant of a change in Turgor Pressue
Ex: True Mimosa
72.
parthenocarpy: fruit will develop without pollinization
73.
pedicel: flower's stem name
74.
pedioel: stalk of a leaf
75.
Perennial: All the time
76.
Phloem: Food (Bark)
77.
Photoperidism: Response to peridos of light and dark; note: Pigment Phytochrome
78.
pistil: egg
79.
pith: very center, vascular
80.
Plants grow by responding to:: Internal factors(hormones) and external factors(environment)
81.
Pome: Recepticle swells up
82.
pome example: apple
83.
Pressure flow hypothesis: major way to move food
84.
Primary Root: 1st root produced after germination
85.
reproductive: flower, fruit, seed
86.
root, stem, leaf: can be both vegitative and reproductive
87.
sapwood: young light outer
88.
Secondary Root: Whatever grows off the primary Root
89.
seed ferns: the 1st seed plants that evolved from spores
90.
sexual: genetic info is exchanged
91.
soil: ground up rock
92.
Sporophyte generation: spore-producing
93.
stamen: sperm
94.
Stem: hollow cylinder to withstand stress
95.
stipules: extra little leaves that take over in an emergency
96.
stolon: runner root
97.
tannic acid: brown
98.
tap Root: If the primary root remains the beggest
99.
Terminal Bud: tip of stem (last)
100.
Tip layering: tip goes into ground and reprduces the new plant
101.
topsoil: organic materials ontop of soil
102.
Tracheophytes: 2nd form of land planyts
1st vascular plants
divide into three other classes: Filicineae, Gymnosperms, Angisperms
103.
Transpiration-cohesion: main method water reaches the top of the tree
104.
Tropisms: Growth responses/ movement (Irriversable)
105.
turgor (Turgidity): water pressure in plants
106.
types of fruit: indehiscent and dehiscent
107.
Types of Hormones: Gibberellins, oligosaccharins, abascisic acid, auxins, cytokinins, and ethylene
108.
types ofo fleshy fruit: bery, drupe, pome
109.
vegitative: root, stem, leaf
110.
Vegitative part of a plant: flower, fruit, seed
111.
vegitative propogation: another name for asexual reproduction
112.
Vernalization: needs to be cold before germination
113.
wilting: result of turgor pressure decreasing
114.
woody: hard
115.
xanthophyll: yellow
116.
xylem: water (wood)
