Med Term Ch 10
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Created by:
JGrayRoberts on March 10, 2011
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114 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cost/o | ribs |
| spondyl/o, vertebr/o | used to form words about the condition. used to form owrds that describe the structure |
| humer/o | humerus (upper arm bone) |
| carp/o | carpus (wrist bones) |
| phalang/o | phalanges (fingers) |
| pelv/i | pelvis (hip bones) |
| femor/o | femur |
| tibi/o | tibia (shin bone; weight bearing bone of the lower leg |
| fibul/o | fibula; non-weight bearing bone of the lower leg |
| calcane/o | calcaneus (heel bone) |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| lumb/o | lower back, loins |
| ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o | tendon |
| ankyl/o | stiff, bent, crooked |
| arthr/o | joint |
| cervic/o | neck; 7 cervical vertebrae |
| lamin/o | lamin (part of the vertebral arch) |
| myel/o | spinal cord, bone marrow |
| orth/o | straight |
| ste/o | bone |
| dist/o | far, farthest distal |
| proxim/o | near, nearest proximal |
| -gram | record |
| -graphy | process of recording |
| -meter | measure, instrument for mesuring |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| en- | in |
| hemi- | half, partly |
| hypo- | under, below deficient |
| peri- | around |
| quadri- | four |
| os | (pl. osssa) bone os pubis |
| -asthenia | weakness myasthenia |
| -desis | binding, surgical fixation, fusion arthrodesis |
| -schisis | split, fissure cranioschisis |
| rachi/o | spine, vertebral column |
| metacarp/o | metacarpus, bones of the hand (meta = beyond, after, change; carpus = wrist) |
| kinesi/o | movement, motion |
| lamin/o | lamina (thin, plate or layer) |
| scoli/o | crooked, curved |
| petr/o | stone |
| sarc/o | flesh, connective tissue |
| lei/o | smooth leiomyoma |
| rhabd/o | rod-shaped, striated rhabdomyosarcoma |
| dactylo/o | finger or toe dactylogram |
| xiph/o | sword-shaped xiphoid process |
| Greenstick | bone is partially bent and partially broken; found more commonly in children. |
| Impacted | broken ends of a bone segment are wedged into one another |
| Ankylosis | immobility of a joint |
| Carpal Tunnel syndrome | pain or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel |
| Crepitation | grating sound made by movement of bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction |
| Gout | hereditary metabolic disease that is a form of acute arthritis characterized by excessive uric acid in the blood and around the joints |
| Herniated Disk | herniation or rupture of the nucleus pulposis (center gelatinous material within an intervertebral disk) between two vertebrae. Occurs most often in the lumbar region |
| Kyphosis | increased convexity in the curvature of the thoracic section of the vertebral column; hunchback or humpback |
| Lordosis | forward curvature of the lumbar spine; swayback |
| Muscular Dystrophy | group of hereditary disease characterized by gradual atrophy and weakness of muscle tissue. There is no cure, and most individuals die before the age of 20 years. Duchenne's dystrophy is the most common form |
| Myasthenia Gravis | autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by severe muscular weakness and progressive fatigue |
| Osteoporosis | decrease in bone denisty and an increase in porosity, causing bones to become brittle and increasing the risk of fractures |
| Sprain | trauma to muscle from overuse or excessive forcible stretch |
| Torticollis | spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles causing stiffness and twisting of the neck that may be congenial or acquired; wryneck |
| AP | anteroposterior |
| CT | computed tomography |
| CTS | Carpal Tunnel Syndrom |
| Fx | fracture |
| Orth | orthopedics |
| RA | Rheumatoid arthritis |
| TKR | total knee replacement |
| osteopathic physician | A physician who holds a Doctor of Osteopathy (DO) degree. DOs practice a holistic approach to healthcare instead of treating specific illnesses. DOs focus on the musculoskeletal system and promothe the body's natural tendency toward self-healing. |
| rheumatologist | a physician specializing in rheumatic diseases |
| fasci/o | band, fascia |
| fascioplasty | surgical repair of fascia |
| leiomy/o | smooth muscle (visceral) |
| leiomyoma | tumor of smooth muscle |
| my/o | muscle |
| myorrhexis | rupture of a muscle |
| -asthenia | weakness, debility |
| myasthenia | muscle weakness |
| -sarcoma | malignant tumor of connective tissue |
| myosarcoma | malignant tumor of the muscle |
| -asthenia | weakness, debility |
| autorythmicity | heart's ability to generate its own stimulus |
| doriflexion & plantarflexion | bending foot up & down |
| spondyl/o | vertebra, backbone |
| ankyl/o | stiffness, bent, crooked |
| lamin/o | lamina (part of vertebral arch) |
| orth/o | straight |
| -clasia, -clast | to break |
| -desis | binding, fixation (of a bone or joint) |
| -physis | growth |
| -porosis | porous |
| AE | above elbow |
| AK | above the knee |
| AP | anterioposterior |
| BE | below the elbow |
| HD | hemodialysis, hip disarticulation, hearing distance |
| HNP | herniated nucleus |
| IM | intramuscular |
| MG | myasthenia gravis |
| myasthenia gravis | a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles |
| ORTH, Ortho | orthopedics |
| talipes equinovarus | (clubfoot) congenital deformity of the foot in which it is plantar flexed and inverted |
| torticollis | Stiff neck caused by spasmodic contraction of the muscles of the neck; wryneck |
| contracture | the permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues |
| crepitation | dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction |
| ewing sarcoma | Malignant growth found in the shaft of long bones that spreads through the periosteum. Removal is treatment of choice, as this tumor will metastasize or spread to other organs. |
| gout | a painful inflammation of the big toe and foot caused by defects in uric acid metabolism resulting in deposits of the acid and its salts in the blood and joints |
| paget disease | abnormal bone architecture (thickened, numerous fractures * pain) , woven and lamellar bone mosaic |
| ankylosing spondylosis | chronic degenerative disease affecting the vertebral joints; lesions include degeneration of intervertebral disks, periosteal stimulation, osteophyte formation, bridging between vertebrae, and finally ankylosis |
| kyphosis | abnormal posterior curvature of the thoracic spine (humped-back condition) |
| lordosis | an abnormal inward (forward) curvature of the vertebral column |
| spondylolisthesis | a forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one beneath it producing pressure on spinal nerves |
| arthrocentesis | Surgical puncture of a joint for removal of fluid |
| arthroplasty | surgical reconstruction or replacement of a malformed or degenerated joint |
| roentgen | xrays |
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