Sexual Reproduction
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Sexual Reproduction | reproduction involving the union or fusion of a male and a female gamete |
| Asexual Reproduction | process by which a single parent reproduces by itself |
| Mitosis | cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes |
| Meiosis | (genetics) cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms |
| Differentiation | (biology) the structural adaptation of some body part for a particular function |
| DNA | (biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix |
| RNA | (biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes |
| Transcription | (genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA |
| Translation | (genetics) the process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm |
| Replication | (genetics) the process whereby DNA makes a copy of itself before cell division |
| Amino Acid | organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group |
| Base Pairing Rules | The rules stating that cytosine pairs with guanine and adenine pairs with thymine in DNA, and that adenine pairs with uracil in RNA. |
| Nucleotide | The building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. |
| Phosphate | makes up the sides of the DNA ladder with deoxyribose |
| Sugar | an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals |
| Nitrogen Base | a DNA nucleotide containing nitrogen, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group |
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