5 Written Questions

1. fluid of solids that have gotten into the lungs
2. reduced oxygenation of arterial blood; results from: oxygen delivery to the alveoli, diffusion of oxygen fromt eh alveoli into the blood, perfusion of pulmonary capillaries
3. dyspnea when the individual is lying down
4. lung tissue collapses due to external pressure or due to removal of air due to absorption or hypoventilation
5. occlusion of the pulmonary vascular ed by emboli, can cause lung infarction

5 Matching Questions

1. pulmonary edema
2. dyspnea
3. emphysema
4. hypoventilation
5. cyanosis

1. a excess water in the lung, HD, diminishes gas exchange
2. b the subjective sensation of uncomfortable breathing, the feeling of being unable to get enough air
3. c inadequate alveolar ventilation inelation to metabolic demands; CO2 removal does not keep up with production and level increases in arterial blood causing hypercapnia
4. d permanent enlargement of gas exchange airways with destruction of alveolar walls
5. e bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes; reduced hemoglobin in blood

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. alveolar ventilation exceeding metabolic demands; lungs remove CO2 faster than it is produced by cellular metabolism
   1. hyperventilation
   2. hypercapnia
   3. aspiration
   4. hypoventilation
2. 8-16 breathes/min and 400-800 mL
   1. respiratory failure
   2. hyperventilation
   3. resting ventilatory rate
   4. hypoventilation
3. gas or air enterspleural space separating lung from rib cage and destroying the negative pressure gradient
   1. empyema
   2. asthma
   3. hemoptysis
   4. pneumothorax
4. protective reflex that cleanses the lower air-ways explosive expiration
   1. asthma
   2. croup
   3. cough
   4. clubbing
5. deep, rapid respiration commonly seen in conditions causing acidosis
   1. aspiration
   2. kussmaulrespiration (hyperpnea)
   3. respiratory failure
   4. resting ventilatory rate

5 True/False Questions

1. bronchopulmonary dysplasia → occlusion of the pulmonary vascular ed by emboli, can cause lung infarction

   True        False

2. empyema → permanent enlargement of gas exchange airways with destruction of alveolar walls

   True        False

3. pleural effusion → presence of fluid in the pleural space; results from fluid coming through capillaries

   True        False

4. croup → protective reflex that cleanses the lower air-ways explosive expiration

   True        False

5. clubbing → selective bulbous enlargement of the end of a finger or toe

   True        False