Chapter 4 and Chapter 5-History
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Created by:
hayley25 on October 26, 2008
Subjects:
history, constitution, articles, amendments
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lol i know. good luck!!
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46 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Magna Carta | a document signed by King John in 1215, made the king subject to law. |
| English Bill of Rights | passed in 1689, declared the supremacy of Parliament |
| constitution | a constitution is a set of basic principles and laws that states the powers and duties of the government. |
| Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom | the document declared that no person could be forced to attend a particular church or be required to pay for a church with tax money |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| Articles of Confederation | Congress would become the single branch of the national government, but it would have limited powers in order to protect the liberties of the people. |
| ratification | official approval |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | a system set up to divide western lands |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | the ordinance established the Northwest Territory, which is included areas that are now in Illinois, INdiana, Michigan, Ohio, Minnesota and Wisconsin |
| tarriffs | taxes of imports or exports |
| interstate commerce | trade between two or more states |
| depression | a period of low economic activity combined with a rise in unemployment |
| Daniel Shays | a man that led hundreds of men to shut down the Supreme Court in Springfield, Massachussetts |
| Shay's Rebellion | the uprising of farmers to protest high taxes and heavy debt |
| Constitutional Convention | held in May 1787, in Philadelphia's Independence Hall to improve the Articles |
| Virginia Plan | Edmund Randolph, proposed this. A new federal constitution that would give sovereignty or supreme power to the central government. |
| New Jersey Plan | William Paterson proposed this. A one house legislature that would give each state an equal amout of votes, thus an equal voice for states in goverment |
| Great Compromise | the agreement to make a two-house legislature. When the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan compromised to make this. |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | only three-fifths of a state's slave population would be counted to their states population |
| popular sovereignty | the idea that political authority belongs to the people |
| federalism | the sharing of power between a central government and the states that make up a country |
| legislative branch | aka Congress. Responsible for proposing and passing laws. |
| executive branch | includes the president and the departments that help run the government |
| judicial branch | it is made up of national courts |
| check and balances | keeps any branch of government from getting too powerful |
| Antifederalists | people who opposed the constitution |
| George Mason | an famous antifederalist |
| Federalists | supporters of the constitution |
| Federalist Papers | essays supporting the constitution were written anonymously under the name Publius |
| amendments | official changes to the constitution |
| Bill of Rights | 10 of the propsed amendments intended to protect a citizen's rights |
| federal system | a system of divided powers between the states and the federal government |
| impeach | vote to bring charges of serious crimes against a president |
| veto | to cancel |
| executive orders | these commands have the power of law |
| pardons | freedom from punishment |
| Thurgood Marshall | became the first African American justice |
| Sandra Day O'Connor | became the first female court justice |
| James Madison | federalist who promised that a bill of rights would be added to the Constitution |
| majority rule | this is the idea that the greatest number of people in society can make policies for everyone |
| petition | make a request of the government |
| search warrant | this order gives authorities permission to search someone's property |
| due process | this means that a law must be fairly applied |
| indict | formally accuse |
| double jeopardy | he or she cannot be accused of the same crime |
| eminent domain | the power to take personal property to benefit the public |
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