ANAT 100-Bones
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Created by:
SamanthaRoberts on March 14, 2011
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92 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Axial Skeleton | (axis or middle) skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum |
| Appendicular Skeleton | (appendages) pectoral girdle(shoulder bones), limbs (arms, hands, legs, feet), pelvic girdle |
| clavicle | collar bone |
| scapula | shoulder blade |
| sternum | breast bone |
| ribs | 7 true bones 5 false bones 2 floating bones |
| humerus | upper arm bone |
| ulna | lower arm bone, smaller of two, claw on top where meets humerus |
| radius | lower arm, bigger of two. perfectly round on top where meets humerus |
| carpals | wrist bones (8 of them) |
| metacarpals | hands in palm |
| phalanges | 3 for each finger. proximal, middle, distal 2 only on thumb proximal and distal |
| vertebral column | 5 divisions: cervical vertebrae (neck bones) thorasic vertebrae (chest) lumbar vertebrae (lowest) sacrum (connects to hips) coccyx (tail bones) |
| Pelvic girdle | hip bones |
| femur | largest bone in body. upper leg. nobs on top |
| patella | knee cap |
| tibia | lower leg, bigger of two, claw on bottom where meets ankle |
| fibula | lower leg, smaller of two, very thin |
| tarsals | 7 bones that make up the ankle |
| metatarsals | bones that make up lower foot |
| phalanges | bones that make up toes (same as fingers) |
| foramen | hole in bone for blood vessels and nerves to pass through |
| meatus | ear hole (external auditory meatus of temporal bone) |
| condyle | large, round protuberance at end of bone |
| facet | smooth flat articular surface |
| epicondyle | projection above a condyle |
| trochanter | very large projection above a condyle |
| spinous process | sharp slender projection |
| cranial bones | bones around brain |
| facial bones | bones that make up the face |
| frontal bone | front of skull |
| maxilla | upper jaw bone, goes up sides of nose |
| mandible | lower jaw |
| zygomatic bones | cheek bones from small part of the eye socket |
| vomer | splits nasal cavity in half, inside head-behind nose. |
| parietal bones | 2 bones, most of back of head (pg 174) |
| temporal bone | around ear, has external auditory meatus (pg 174) |
| zygomatic arch | temporal bone meets zygomatic (pg 174) |
| mastoid process | knob-like projection right behind ear (pg 174) |
| occipital bone | base of skull, right above neck (pg 174) |
| coronal structures | where skull bones meet (joint) |
| Foramen magnum | hole in occipital bone, where spinal cord comes out (pg 175) |
| palatine bone | (think palate) back of roof of mouth (pg 175) |
| sphenoid bone | base of skull, right behind teeth, back of eye socket, in center of head |
| sphenoid sinus | open space inside of a bone, lined with mucus membranes (in sphenoid bone) (pg 176) |
| Saggital Suture | longways across top of head. separates parietal bones |
| sphenoid bone | shaped like a bat or butterfly. the keystone of the cranial floor because it articulates with all other cranial bones, holding them together. |
| ethmoid bone | bone of your nasal cavity. spongelike in appearance and is located in the anterior part of the cranial floor medial to the orbits. |
| nasal concha | boney ridges inside nasal cavity, covered with mucus membrane. has a blood supply, used to slow down air into our nose. |
| mucus moisturizes air. blood vessels arm air. sticky mucus catches bacteria and dust. | 3 things that happen to the air before it reaches your lungs. |
| paranasal sinuses | mucus membrane lined cavities near the nasal cavity, are found within the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones. all have openings that drain into nasal cavity. (4 sets) |
| Frontal Sinuses | sinuses above eye sockets |
| sphenoidal sinuses | sinuses posterior to nose |
| ethmoidal cells of the ethmoidal sinuses | sinuses right behind nose, but in front of sphenoidal sinuses |
| maxillary sinuses | below eye sockets (cheeks) |
| hyoid bone | inside neck. does not connect to any other bones, only attached to throat muscles. looks like a U |
| Coccyx | tail bone |
| Sacrum | part of spine that connects to the hips. when you're born it is 5 bones, but it fuses into one |
| cervical vertebrae | (7) connects to neck |
| Thoracic vertebrae | (12) connects to chest. have facets on ends for ribs to connect |
| lumbar vertebae | (5) connects to lower back (biggest of vertebrae) have no facets for ribs to connect |
| intervertebral disc | discs of fibrocartilage between vertebrae bones |
| annulus fibrosus | donut of fibrous cartilage. jelly-like substance that makes up intervertebral disc |
| intervertebral foramen | nerves that branch off spinal cord emerge from this hole (in between each vertebrae |
| vertebral foramen | hole IN each vertebrae (hole which the spinal cord passes through) |
| vertebral canal | all vertebral foramen lined up, the path in which the spinal cord is held |
| Atlas | first vertebrae in column. The occipital bone in the skull sits on this. |
| Axis | second vertebrae in column |
| cervical vertebrae | smallest vertebrae. small flat tail |
| thoracic vertebrae | second smallest vertebrae. shovel like tail |
| lumbar vertebrae | largest vertebrae. flat beaver like tail |
| 1) manubrium (top) 2) Body (long middle) 3) Xiphoid Process (last to turn into bone) | 3 parts of breast bone |
| facet for costal cartilage | connects ribs to sternum |
| head of rib | connects rib to vertebral column |
| medial border | thin edge of the scapula closer to the vertebral column |
| acromion | where clavicle attaches to scapula |
| glenoid cavity | where upper arm bone (humerus) attaches to scapula |
| medial epicondyle | knob on inner part of elbow |
| olecranon | head of Ulna. part that attaches to the humerus (claw) |
| sesamoid bones | bones inside thumb. deposits of calcium in tendons. (not in everybody) |
| Sacroiliac joint | most weight of body sits here. in sacrum |
| pubic symphysis | anterior articulate between lower hip bones. pad of cartilage |
| acetabulum | upper leg bone connects lined with cartilage |
| 1) Ilium(top) 2) Pubis(bones on either side of pubic symphysis 3) Ischium(the bone you sit on) | 3 bones that fuse to make up hips |
| pubic arch | is >90 degrees if female is <90 degrees if male |
| greater trochanter | projection on top of femur |
| tibual tuberosity | bone that bumps up right under knee |
| anterior border | shin bone |
| medial malleolus | projecting bone in inner part of ankle |
| talus | ankle bone |
| calcaneus | heel bone |
| tarsal bones | talus, calcaneus. (7 bones) |
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