Unit 3 Flashcards
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75 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Harding | won 1920 election, not actually intelligent, ran with Ohio Gang |
| "return to normalcy" | couldn't hapen because 4 mil unemployed, postwar depression, factories shut down, cost of living doubled and unemployment increased as a result |
| Second Industrial Revolution | tech allowed higher production without enlarging workforce, mostly electricity |
| producer durable goods | machinery, for big companies |
| consumer durable goods | good quality goods for the common person |
| managerial revolution | salaried executives ran things, not actual owners |
| oligopoly | control of the market by a few large producers |
| welfare capitalism | rose to challenge labor unions, large corps tried to improve efficiency and morale, partly successful, but did not solve chronic problems |
| installment plan & installment buying | ... |
| open shop | new employees are required to not join union, some had company unions, led to sharp decline in organized labor, endorsed by National Association of Manufacturers |
| Middletown | written by the Lynd's, a social look at the impact of the automobile |
| Henry Ford | paid employees $5 to increase production, assembly line, hired the most blacks |
| Model T | most popular car, $300 |
| McNary- Haugen bills | federal gov would buy agricultural surplus to regulate farm prices, Coolige vetoed it because it was funded by taxes |
| culture of consumption | buying up newest gadgets |
| mass culture | brought together by movies and radios |
| The Jazz Singer | first movie with sound |
| KDKA, NBC, CBS | first radio stations |
| Amos n Andy Show | first national radio hit, black minstrel show |
| tabloid | popular form of media, smaller size, popular with the uneducated |
| Charleston Dance | popular dance, made phonograph popular |
| spectator sports | Babe Ruth, Jack Dempsey, Gene Tunney, Helen Wills, Gertrude Ederle |
| Harding's scandel's | Daughtery took bribes from prohobition violators, Forbes took money from Veteran's Bureau, biggest Teapot Dome Scandel- Fall (Sec of State) illegally sold oil, became first jailed cabinet member |
| National Negro League | baseball, stars: Satchel Paige and Josh Gibson |
| Charles Lingbergh | solo flight across Atlantic |
| flapper | new morality, not really new, had always been on fringes of middle class society |
| 18th Amendment | made alcohol illegal, supported by South and women |
| Volstead Act | small enforcement force, often corrupt |
| speakeasy | opened up in response to 18th, very hard to close, had to know someone to get in |
| organized crime | created b/c of 18th, Al Capone the worst |
| Al Capone | Chicago, led to Valentine's Day Massacre, convicted for tax evasion |
| scientific racism | Madison Grant, new immigrants reason for failure of country |
| eugenicists | breeding out unwanted races |
| Red Scare | linked labor unions and foriegners to radicals and Bolsheviks |
| Immigration Act of 1921 (Emergency Quota Act) | max 357,000 imms a year, only 3% of that pop in US could come over |
| National Origins Act of 1924 (Johnson- Reed Immigration Act) | reduced Emergency Quota Act to 2%, aimed at Southern and Eastern Euros |
| Ku Klux Klan | rebirth, focus on nativism, not blacks, led by Evans, often head of social functions, deminished with rape scandel of leader, united mostly on Prohibition, also against evolution and birth control |
| 100% Americanism | call of KKK |
| religious fundamentalism | focused on evolution in schools, response to churches focusing more on community and not Bible |
| Scopes Trial (Monkey Trial) | in Ten., Scopes taught evo on purpose, backed by American Civil Liberties Union, ended in stalemate |
| Clarence Darrow | lawyer protecting Scopes |
| Williams Jennings Bryan | "great commoner" represented fundamentalism, mocked for taking Bible literally, died week after trial |
| "new era" Republican Party | business/gov relationship, strong fed gov, Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover, conservatives, laissez-faire |
| Ohio Gang | Harding's personal group, involved in some scandels |
| Andrew Mellon | Secretary of Treasury, one of richest men in America, Coolidge looked to him and other richies to lead country, big tax cuts for rich and businesses, undid liberal tax breaks of Wilson |
| President Calvin Coolidge | "Silent Cal" all for business |
| President Herbert Hoover | most influential repub, for gov and business working together to help public, individualism, voluntary cooperation, and standarization, for creation of national trade associations (made to reduce competitions), for "associative state" |
| associative state | gov would promote voluntary cooperation |
| national trade associations | cooperation of like industries to increase efficiency and reduce competition |
| Dawes Plan | aided Germany, paid them so that they could pay off the Allies who would pay us off |
| Supreme Court and trade associations | upheld them |
| Kellog- Briand Pact | outlawed war but with no way to be enforced |
| League of Women Voters | more conservative, not for equal rights |
| National Women's Party | led by Alice Paul, said suffrage overplayed, should fight for Equal Rights Amendment |
| Equal Rights Amendment | Men and women equal in every way |
| Amelia Earhart | first woman to play accross the Atlantic |
| Sheppard- Towner Act | first federally funded wellfare act, for maternity and childcare |
| Border Patrol | made crossing more difficult with tests and taxes, led to more illegal crossings |
| barrios | worst jobs, bad conditions |
| Great Migration | continued from WWI, mostly settled in Harlem |
| New Negro | celebrated culture and history, middle class blacks in Harlem |
| Harlem Renaissance | Langston Huges, Zora Neale Hurston, black culture awareness |
| A. Philip Randolph | civil rights activist in Harlem, Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters |
| Marcus Garvey | Black Star Line, would link blacks around world, United Negro Improvement Association, economic self determinism |
| Duke Ellington & Louis Armstrong | best black musicians, played in white establishments (Cotton Club) but segregated |
| Bessie Smith | most pop female jazz singer |
| Lost Generation (Ernest Hemingway, F Scott Fitzgerald) | themes of alienation, moved to Europe, against war and prohibition |
| H L Mencken | "American Mercury", against American booboisie (stupidity) |
| Sinclair Lewis | satirized small town life |
| Sacco and Vanzetti case | convicted of murder and robbery without proper evidence, supported by Fugitives, executed |
| election of 1928 | Al Smith & H Hoover, Smith too urban and Cath, set trend for dem in cities and minorities, machine style, progressive |
| industries that didn't prosper | coal mines (oil and gas more imp), RR (b/c of automobile), and textiles (overcapacity moved south) |
| election of 1928 illuminated these problems | native born vs immigrants Protestant vs Catholic Prohibition vs legal drinking small town vs city fundamentalism vs modernism traditional culture vs new mass media |
| Boston Police Strike, Coal Workers Strike, and high demands led to | bad name of labor unions and lower membership |
| Harding's election | first with women's suffrage |
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