Unit 6
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Charissavp on March 15, 2011
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cotton Kingdom | South became known as the this after cotton gin allowed it to produce massive amounts of cotton; also produced rice, sugar, tobacco, corn, wheat, and pork. Almost wealthy enough to become their own country. They become cocky when they survived a panic with flying colors. |
| Underground Railroad | a system that helped enslaved African Americans follow a network of escape routes out of the South to freedom in the North |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin, a book about a slave who is treated badly, in 1852. The book persuaded more people, particularly Northerners, to become anti-slavery. |
| Nat Turner | Slave in Virginia who started a slave rebellion in 1831 believing he was receiving signs from God His rebellion was the largest sign of black resistance to slavery in America and led the state legislature of Virginia to a policy that said no one could question slavery. |
| Republic of Liberia | founded in 1822. established for former slaves. a colony on the fever stricken west African coast. its capital was named after president Monroe. over 40 years, some 40 thousand freed slaves were transported there. oddly, many abolitionists favored the idea more than the freed blacks did. |
| William Lloyd Garrison | 1805-1879. Prominent American abolitionist, journalist and social reformer. Editor of radical abolitionist newspaper "The Liberator", and one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society. |
| American Anti-Slavery Society | Founded in 1833 by William Lloyd Garrison and other abolitionists. Garrison burned the Constitution as a pro-slavery document. Argued for "no Union with slaveholders" until they repented for their sins by freeing their slaves. |
| Sojourner Truth | American abolitionist and feminist. Born into slavery, she escaped in 1827 and became a leading preacher against slavery and for the rights of women. |
| Frederick Douglass | one of the most prominent African American figures in the abolitionist movement. escaped from slavery in Maryland. he was a great thinker and speaker. published his own antislavery newspaper called the north star and wrote an autobiography that was published in 1845. |
| Liberty Party | A former political party in the United States; formed in 1840 to oppose the practice of slavery; merged with the Free Soil Party in 1848 |
| Commodore Perry | The Commodore of the U.S. Navy who compelled the opening of Japan to the West with the Convention of Kanagawa in 1854. |
| "gag" resolution | (MVB) 18-36-1844, Strict rule passed by pro-southern Congressmen in 1836 to prohibit all discussion of slavery in the House of Representatives |
| Stephen Douglas | Senator from Illinois, author of the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Freeport Doctrine, argues in favor of popular sovereignty |
| William Henry Harrison | was an American military leader, politician, the ninth President of the United States, and the first President to die in office. His death created a brief constitutional crisis, but ultimately resolved many questions about presidential succession left unanswered by the Constitution until passage of the 25th Amendment. Led US forces in the Battle of Tippecanoe. |
| John Tyler | Harrison die, Tyler take over. Elected Vice President and became the 10th President of the United States when Harrison died 1841-1845, President responsible for annexation of Texas after receiving mandate from Polk, opposed many parts of the Whig program for economic recovery |
| James K. Polk | 11th President, led US to war with Mexico. President in March 1845. wanted to settle Oregon boundary dispute with Britain. wanted to acquire California. wanted to incorporate Texas into union. |
| Manifest Destiny | This expression was popular in the 1840s. Many people believed that the U.S. was destined to secure territory from "sea to sea," from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This rationale drove the acquisition of territory. |
| John Slidell | Polk dispatched him to Mexico City as minister in 1845 to present a maximum offer of $25 million for California and the land to the east. Slidell was not even permitted to present his offer by the proud Mexican people. This rejection frustrated Polk and forced him to prepare a showdown. He proposed that on the basis of this rejection, along with unpaid claims, Congress should declare war on Mexico. However, two cabinet members felt that Mexico should fire the first shots, and they did in 1846. |
| Santa Anna | president of Mexico, lead the Mexican War. Mexican dictator who wiped out the band of two hundred Texans stationed at the Alamo and was later captured at San Jacinto. |
| Captain John C. Fremont | considered the father of California. When war broke out in California, he helped overthrow Mexican rule. California was declared an independent country, the Bear Flag Republic. |
| California Bear Flag republic | was a government proclaimed by settlers on June 14, 1846, in Sonoma in the then-Mexican province of California. Declared during the Mexican-American War, the republic lasted less than a month. |
| Nicholas P. Trist | chief clerk in the State Department, was sent to negotiate a peace treaty with a defeated Mexico in 1847. Before he could open negotiations he was summoned to return, but he ignored the order and stayed to negotiate the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | February 2 1848. The agreement between President Polk and the new Mexican government for Mexico to cede California and New Mexico to the US and acknowledge the Rio Grand as the boundary of Texas. In return, the US promised to assume any financial claims its new citizens had against Mexico and to pay the Mexicans $15 million. |
| Wilmot Priviso | 1846 - stated that no territory gained from Mexico would allow slavery. Never became a federal law, but was endorsed by most of the legislatures of the free states Symbolized the issue of slavery in the territories |
| Compromise of 1850 | CA become a free state. New Mexico and Utah, popular sovereignty decide whether slave or free state. Texas cede land to government to pay off debt-becomes part of New Mexico. No slave trade in Washington D.C. Fugitive Slave Law (judges get more money to return slave to owners or declare someone a runaway slave than if they were to declare them freemen). |
| Clay, Calhoun, Webster | Leaders who came about during the debate over the Tariff of 1816. (This put a 20-30% tariff on imported goods to protect American economy). Webster was from the North and supported partial protection, but not the entire amount. Calhoun was from the South and was in favor of the tariff. Clay was from the West and also supported the tariff. He believed in the American System. This system entailed first, the protective tariff, and then with the benefits of the tariff and increase in national industry, the money could then be used to improve roads and transportation among the states. |
| Popular Sovereignty | The concept that political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government. People express themselves through voting and free participation in government |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | 1854, 1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty. Annulled the Missouri Compromise 1820. |
| Republican Party | Political party that believed in the non-expansion of slavery and comprised of Whigs, Northern Democrats, and Free-Soilers, in defiance to the Slave Powers |
| Franklin Pierce | an American politician and the fourteenth President of the United States. Pierce's popularity in the North declined sharply after he came out in favor of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, repealing the Missouri Compromise and reopening the question of the expansion of slavery in the West. |
| Ostend Manifesto | a declaration (1854) issued from Ostend, Belgium, by the U.S. ministers to England, France, and Spain, stating that the U.S. would be justified in seizing Cuba if Spain did not sell it to the U.S. The recommendation that the U.S. offer Spain $20 million for Cuba. It was not carried through in part because the North feared Cuba would become another slave state. |
| Gadsden Purchase | the purchasing of land from Mexico that completed the continental United States It provided the land needed to build the transcontinental railroad. Strip of land in present-day Arizona and New Mexico that was acquired by the U.S. in 1853 for $10 million. |
| Bleeding Kansas | A sequence of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-Slavery elements that took place in Kansas-Nebraska Territory. The dispute further strained the relations of the North and South, making civil war imminent. Missouri border ruffians crossed into the Kansas to vote against slavery (led by John Brown) - severely divided the fledgling state |
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