Ch.7 Aggression and Violence
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15 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Price of Violence | 80% of male and female intercollegiate athletes sustain at least one serious injury 70% are disabled for two or more weeks Nixon, 2000 |
| Violence | The use of excessive physical force which causes or has obvious potential to cause harm or destruction (Coakley, 2009) Violence as underconformity to norms vs. violence as overconformity to norms |
| Aggression | Verbal or physical behavior grounded in an intent to dominate, control, or do harm to another person -NOT an attitude - a BEHAVIOR -"Any form of behavior directed toward the goal of harming or injuring another living being who is motivated to avoid such treatment" (Baron & Richardson, 1994) -Intent (LeUnes & Nation, 1989) Some consider "psychological" within definition |
| Assertive Behavior | -No intent to harm -Legitimate force -Unusual effort & energy expenditure -Goal of domination |
| Intimination | words, gestures, actions that threaten violence or aggression |
| Commercialization and Violence | -Professional athletes as entertainers -Observational learning by children -There is NOT more violence today; violence is deeply rooted in the culture and ideology of certain sports and societies -Therefore, commercialization is not the primary cause but also not irrelevant |
| Violence and Masculinity | Gender ideology "Prove" masculinity (avoid negative social labels "pussy" "girl" "wimp" "sissy") Socialization process "Prove" feminity? |
| Institutionalized Violence | Violence as strategy Non Contact Sports Men's Contact Sports Women's Contact Sports |
| Off Field Violence | Assaults and Sexual Assaults |
| Fans and Violence | Basking in reflected glory (BIRG) phenomenon Spectator Violence and Aggression related to: The action of the sport itself. Crowd dynamics and situational factors The overall context of the event |
| Implications for Sport | Recognize when aggression is most likely to occur: when people are frustrated and aroused, often because they: are losing, perceive unfair officiating, are embarrassed, are physically in pain, or are playing below capabilities. |
| Brutal Bodily Contact | required, accepted in certain sports |
| Borderline Violence | always accepted within sport "took too far" but doesn't break rules |
| Quasi-Criminal Violence | break rules within sport |
| Criminal Violence | assaults, attacks, off-field violence |
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