1.
Cloning Genes: This is how genetically engineered drugs such as anticoagulants, insulin, Factor VIII (blood clotting factor), human growth hormone and interferons are produced.
2.
Cloning Genes: it is necessary to transfer the gene of interest from one organism into a bacterial plasmid.
3.
Cloning Genes: copying
4.
Concerns Regarding Genetically Modified Organisms: hat if cancer-related genes were transferred into bacteria or viruses? The microorganisms used in recombinant DNA experiments are genetically engineered so that they cannot survive outside the laboratory.
5.
DNA Profiling & Forensic Investigations: DNA profiling matches samples of biological tissue or fluids with individuals of interest.
6.
DNA Technology: plasmid is small circular piece of DNA that replicates in bacteria. The bacteria take up the plasmid, where the plasmid replicates and expresses the gene.
7.
DNA Technology: tools and methods for studying and manipulating genetic material.
8.
Exons (regions of genes coding for protein
or giving rise to rRNA or tRNA) (1.5%): 1.5 % is our codening
9.
Gel Electrophoresis: technique that sorts DNA molecules by size
10.
Gene Therapy: insertion of foreign DNA into a human to treat a genetic disorder.
11.
Genetic Markers and DNA Profiles: Genetic markers are sequences in the genome that vary from person to person.
12.
Genetically Modified Organisms: are organisms that have acquired one or more genes by artificial means. If the gene is from another organism it is called a transgenic organism.
13.
Genomics: study of a complete set of genes (a genome) and their interactions
14.
PCR Amplifies DNA Markers: is a technique that make millions to billions of copies of a selected DNA fragment or gene in a manner of hours
15.
Proteomics: study of the full protein set (a proteome) encoded by a genome.
16.
Restriction Enzymes: Restriction enzymes serve as molecular scissors, allowing specific segments of the DNA to be cut.
17.
The Human Genome Project: began in 1990, sequencing was 99% complete by 2004
18.
Why Produce GMO's?: The use of GMO's allows for greater specificity in selecting for a desired trait.
