1.
acetylcholine: this is the neurotransmitter responsible for communication between nerves and muscles.
2.
afferent: these type of nerves carry sensations of pain, temperature, and vibrations from the periphery to the brain. Carry sensory impulses.
3.
Anti-Seizure Agents: This medication is used to treat seizure disorders. The side effects include ataxia, solemncence, hypotension, etc.
4.
Anticholinergics: These drugs are used to help treat parkinsons disease, to reduce rigidity and tremors, and to block the effects of acetylcholine. Side effects: confusion, and NO SPSS. watch for complications with no SPSS
5.
antihistamines: these can be given to help induce sleep and reduce nausea.
6.
antimanic or mood stabilizers: these medications can be used to treat mania and bipolar disorders. Side effects include: lethargy, slurred speech, coma, muscle weakness. encourage pts to drink enough fluids and salt
7.
antimigraine agents: these drugs are used to treat acute migraines by causing vasoconstriction. side effects include numbness, tingling, weakness. should provide a dark room and supportive care
8.
Antipsychotics: This type of drug helps to treat though process disorders such as schizophrenia, manic behavior, dementia, drug overdoses. Side effects include hypotension, tachycardia, dry mouth, weight gain. monitor patient BP & pulse and assess for seizures
9.
axon: these carry information away from the cell bodies
10.
benzodiazepines: this type of drug is given to help with anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and agitation. Can cause sedation, dry mouth, and confusion. monitor pts for respiratory and cognitive status & safety
11.
biperiden/duphenhydramine: these are two drugs with are anticholinergics used to help reduce drooling/tremors/etc.
12.
brain stem: This part of the brain provides pathways for nerve fibers, provides vital autonomic reactions, and serves as the origin for 10/12 cranial nerves.
13.
Cauda equina: This is where the spinal nerve roots are clustered in the spinal cord.
14.
cerebellum: this part of the brain is responsbile for maintaining muscle tone, controlling balance, and coordinating muscle movement.
15.
cerebrum: this is the part of the brain that houses the nerve center that controls sensory and motor activities, houses nerve center that controls intelligence, and is the largest part of the brain.
16.
chloropromazine: this is an example of an antipsychotic drug used to treat dementia/drug overdoses/though process disorders
17.
CNS excitation: What should nurses watch for in patients on opiod analgesics (especially those with renal impairments)?
18.
CNS stimulants: this type of drug is used in the treatment of ADD and narcolepsy. The side effects include nervousness, insomnia, dizziness, headache, anorexia. do frequent weight checks
19.
cogentin/benedryl: these two medications can be given if extrapyramidal sideffects occur with antipyschotics such as twitching, seizure.
20.
constipation: This can be an adverse effect due to the slowing down of peristalsis by opiates.
21.
crash cart/ ER medications: this is important when giving neuromuscular blocking agents in order to counteract potential overdoses.
22.
dendrites: these carry impulses toward the cell bodies
23.
diazepam: this is an example benzodiazepines (anti-anxiety)
24.
Dilantin/phenytoin: These two medications are especially well known for causing gingival hyperplasia
25.
dopamine: this neurotransmitter is involved in the coordination of impulses and responses (usually dealing with motor coordination)
26.
efferent: these type of nerves carry sensations of pain, temperature, and vibrations from the brain to the periphery. Also, sends messages about the production of secretions. Carry motor impulses.
27.
Equal-analgesic conversion chart: This is used to compare doses of opiods to doses of morphine sulfate.
28.
ergots/triptans: these are two examples of antimigraine agents
29.
fluoxetine: this is an example of an SSRI (depression treatment)
30.
Frontal lobe: This is where motor impulses originate. In the motor cortex of the.....
31.
GABA: This neurotransmitter helps inhibit nerve activity and is important in prevent over-excitability or stimulation in things such as seizures.
32.
General Anesthetics: These drugs are used to treat anesthesia, hypnosis, pain control, amnesia. Side effects include: respiratory depression, restlessness, drowiness/disorientation, tachycardia.
33.
Gingival Hyperplasia: Long term use of phenytoin can cause this side effect.
34.
imipramine: this is an example of a trycyclic anti depressant
35.
levodopa: this medication is used to treat parkisonism and parkisons disease. Symptoms include increased tremor, ataxia, agitation.
36.
limbic system: this system in the brain is responsible for emotional and sexual arousal.
37.
lithium: this is an example of an antimanic/ mood stabilizer
38.
Local anesthetics: This is used to cause numbness/loss of sensation in a limited area of the body. Can also decrease bleeding. Side effects include headache, restlessness, hypotension. monitor local site and neurological status
39.
MAOIs: these are used to treat depression and in pts who didn't respond to other antidepressants. These are not doctors first choice. Side effects include sedation, fatigue, ataxia, headache.
40.
methylphenidate: this is an example of a CNS stimulant used to treat ADHD
41.
Monitor ABCs: this is very important when giving general anesthetics to ensure to prevent overdose.
42.
Monitoring drug levels: This is extremely important to do with antimanic and mood stabilizing drugs.
43.
Monitoring therapeutic blood level: This is extremely important because anti-seizure agents have a limited therapeutic level
44.
Muscle Relaxants: These can be used to treat muscle spasticity, muscle strain, and clinical spasticity. Side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, faitgue, hypotension. Often used in people with spinal cord injuries
45.
naloxone: this is also called narcan. They are used to reverse narcotic effects and can be used in suspected overdoses. however, they will cause the pain to return.
46.
narcotics: this brand of medications is used to treat severe, acute, or chronic pain. side effects include: shock, dizziness, fear, anxiety, constipation.
47.
neuromuscular blocking agents: these medications are used to cause skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or when on a ventilator. Side effects include respiratory depression and apnea.
48.
neurons: these are comprised of one axon and many dendrites, is the primary unit of the nervous system, and does both conductivity and excitability.
49.
norepinephrine and epinephrine: these two neurotransmitters released by the nerves in the sympathetic branch of the ANS
50.
opiod naive: this state can occur when a person has been prescribed opiods and the drug is used infrequently, and the drug is prescribed for acute pain relief.
51.
pain recurrence: what can the effect of opiod antagonists be?
52.
phenelzine: this is an example of an MAOI (depression)
53.
phenobarbital: this is a sedative/hypnotic given to help treat seizures.
54.
Phenytoin: when giving this drug enterally, food can not be inserted in the tube 2 hours before or after as it alters the absorption.
55.
respiratory depression: which side effects of opiod therapy do those on long term therapy often not experience?
56.
reticular activating system: this system in the brain functions as an alerting system for the cerebral cortex.
57.
Serotonin: This neurotransmitter is important in arousal and sleep and in preventing depression/promoting motivation.
58.
sinemet/mirapex: these are two examples of levodopa drugs used to treat parkinsons disease
59.
SSRI (prozac): this type of medication is given to help with depression, anxiety, PTSD, and chronic pain. It can produce side effects such as headache, drowsiness, dizziness, and agitation. It is important to monitor, R,C,S with pts who are taking this med.
60.
Tricyclic Antidepressants: These are used to help relieve depression symptoms, patients with sleep disorders, and treatment of chronic pain. Side effects include sedation, fatigue, and ataxia. Monitor R,C, & S.
61.
Tyramine: Foods containing this must be avoided in patients who are taking MAOIs. Examples of such foods include: chocolate, coffee, bananas, avocados, yogurt, peanuts, etc.
