Nutrient Cycle Unit
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Created by:
jcutler481000006 on March 22, 2011
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Salivary Glands | Mucus lubricates food |
| Tongue | Keeps food between teeth |
| Trachea | AKA Windpipe |
| Esophagus | Tube to stomach |
| Liver | Bile is produced, bile emulsifies fat and Bile sent to Small Intestine |
| Gall Bladder | Stores Bile (bile emulsified fat) |
| Stomach | Sehincters, controls openings |
| Bile Duct | Tube to small intestine from Gall Bladder |
| Duodenum | First 1 foot of the small intestine |
| Pancreas | Produces & secretes pancreatic juices; contains enzymes |
| Pancreas Duct | Tube to Small Intestine |
| Small Intestine | 20-25 feet long |
| Appendix | Vestigal organ, evolutionary leftover |
| Large Intestine | About 5 feet long |
| Rectum | Where solid wastes are concentrated |
| Anus | Has 2 sphincters that control expulsion of waste |
| Heartburn | Backup of gastric juices |
| Ingestion | Intake |
| Peristalis | Muscular Movement of Food |
| Absortion | Into blood |
| Storage | Hold for a time |
| Elimination | Release |
| Mechanical Digestion | Moving Disrupts |
| Chemical Digestion | Chemicals drop |
| Enzymes | Proteins that are to regulate the rate of a chemical reaction and there are many, many different types of enzymes. |
| Pepsin | Breaks up proteins |
| Lipase | Cuts up fat |
| Operate by ___________ aproach | Lock & Key |
| Enzyme fits together with the chemical on which the enzyme acts called a __________ | Substrate |
| _____________ is the area that allows substrate and enzyme to fit together like puzzle pieces | Active site |
| The enzyme for this reaction is called ______________ and the chemical reaction that occurs is a ________________________ | Starch Synthesis, Dehydration Synthesis |
| Hydrolisis is breaking apart of molecules with the help of ________ | Water |
| Name the chemical process used by these enzymes to help digest fats, carbohydrates and proteins: | Fats, Carbohydrates, Proteins and Hydrolysis |
| Fats (Grams, Purpose, Digestive End Product) | 65 grams, membranes, energy stores, hormones, fatty acids and golycerol |
| Carbohydrates (Grams, Purpose, Digestive End, Product) | 300 grams, Energy; Stored as Glycogen (in liver), Glucose (simple sugars) and Chains of sugars |
| Proteins (Grams, Purpose, Digestive End, Product) | 50 grams, Amino Acids; Used to build PROTEINS, Hormones and Humans can make 12 (need other 8 in our diet) |
| Appendicitis (What is it, Symptoms, How is it treated) | Inflammination of appendix, Low grade fever, loss of appetite, Nausea & Vomiting |
| Lactose Intolegance (What is it, Symptoms, How is it treated) | Inability to digest lactose, Abdominal pain, Bloating, Gas, Nausea, Diarrhea, Deficiency of lactase enzyme, Dietary changes (elss lactose containing food, Overthecounter lactose) |
| Colon Cancer (What is it, Symptoms, How is it treated) | Cancerous growth on surface of large intestine, Blood in stool, Constipation, Diarrhea for more that 1 week, overweight, lack of exercise, Removal during colinocopy |
| Gallastones (What is it, Symptoms, How is it treated) | Small pebblelike substances in gallbladder, Pain in upper right abdominal, pain in the back under right shoulder, Removal of gallbladder, No surgical, Medication to dissolve small stones |
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