Microbiology
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Created by:
VSangel0309 on March 22, 2011
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38 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 B. | Each virus attacks only specific cell types because a. the nucleic acids of the virus must match the nucleic acids of the host cell. b. the proteins of the virus' outer capsid must be able to bind with the host cell membrane receptors. c. viruses can only inject their genetic material into cells with weak walls or membranes. d. viruses can only recognize and bind to cells which have the same shape as the virus. e. all of the above |
| A | All of the following statements regarding lysogenic bacteriophages are true except a. they cause the ribosomes of the host's cells to rupture. b. They spend part of their life cycle as a prophage. c. After infecting the host cell the virus' DNA becomes incorporated into the host's DNA. d. The time between host cell infection and lysis may vary considerably. e. May cause transduction. |
| C | Which human virus: disease combination is mispaired? a. HIV: AIDS b. Epstein-Barr virus: mononucleosis c. adenovirus: cold sores and chicken pox d. rhinovirus: common cold e. rubella: German measles |
| C | Viruses a. are the smallest living things. b. all contain the same glycoproteins in their outer coverings. c. contain a genome of either DNA or RNA. d. can be classified on the basis of Gram staining results. e. all of the above. |
| E | Retroviruses, such as HIV, a. have RNA as their genetic material. b. use reverse transcriptase to generate DNA. c. often exist as a provirus. d. may have along a period of time between infection and disease onset. e. all of the above. |
| A | All of the following statements regarding the virus that causes AIDS are true except a. it has a DNA based genome. b. because it changes the glycoproteins in its outermost covering it has been difficult to develop a vaccine for c. it can remain "dormant" in its host cells for many years. d. it is a retrovirus. e. it binds to special protein receptors on helper T-cells. |
| B | Reverse transcriptase is used by retroviruses to a. dissemble the host cell DNA b. transcribe viral RNA into DNA. c. Convert host cell RNA into viral DNA d. convert viral proteins into host RNA e. translate viral RNA into a protein. |
| ... | Why do viruses NOT infect other viruses? a. The vial capsid is too thick. b. Viruses produce antibodies against other viruses. c. There would be no metabolic machinery to use. d. There would not be enough amino acids or nucleotides to produce new virus components. e. All of the above. |
| E. plants, animals and bacteria | Viruses are capable of infecting a. plants only b. animals only c. bacteria only d. only plants and animals e. plants, animals, and bacteria |
| B. The proteins of the virus' outer capsid must be able to bind with the host's membrane receptors. | Each virus attacks only specific cell types because a. the nucleic acids of the virus must match the nucleic acids of the host cell. b. the proteins of the virus' outer capsid must be able to bind with the host's membrane receptors c. viruses can only inject their genetic material into cells with weak walls or membranes. d. viruses can only recognize and bind to cells which have the same shape as the virus. e. all the above. |
| A. | All of the following statements regarding lysogenic bacteriophages are true except a. they cause the ribosomes of the host's cells to rupture. b. they spend part of their life cycle as a prophage. c. after infecting the host cell the virus' DNA becomes incorporated into the host's DNA. d. The time between host cell infection and lysis may vary considerably. e. May cause transduction. |
| E. | Viruses are not considered living because a. they are unable to reproduce independently. b. they lack the enzymes for carrying out metabolism. c. they lack enzymes for protein production. d. they are unable to manufacture ATP. e. all the above. |
| C. | Which human virus: disease combination is mispaired? a. HIV: AIDS b. Epstein Barr Virus: mononucleosis c. Adenovrus: cold sores and chicken pox d. rhinovirus: common cold. e. rubella: German measles |
| C. | Viruses: a. are the smallest living things b. all contain the same glycoproteins in their outer coverings. c. contain a genome of either DNA or RNA d. can be classified on the basis of Gram staining results e. all of the above. |
| E. | Retroviruses, such as HIV a. have RNA as their genetic material b. use reverse transcriptase to generate DNA c. often exist as a provirus d. may have along time between infection and disease onset. e. all of the above. |
| A. | All of the following statements regarding the virus that causes AIDS are true except a. it has a DNA-based genome b. because it changes the glycoproteins in its outermost covering it has been difficult to develop a vaccine for. c. it can remain dormant in its host cells for many years. d. it is a retrovirus. e. it binds to special protein receptors on helper-T cells. |
| B. | Reverse transcriptase is used by retroviruses to a. disassemble the host cell DNA b. transcribe viral RNA into DNA c. convert host cell RNA into viral DNA. d. convert viral proteins into host RNA e. translate viral RNA into a protein. |
| C. | Why do viruses NOT infect other viruses? a. The viral capsid is too thick. b. Viruses produce antibodies against other viruses. c. There would be no metabolic machinery to use. d. There would not be enough amino acids or nucleotides to produce new virus components. e. all the above. |
| D. | Despite their name, the blue-green algae are not true algae because they a. lack cytoplasm b. have multiple light-capturing pigments c. are chemosynthetic d. are prokaryotes e. lack ribosomes |
| A. | Which of the following conditions is not caused by bacteria? a. influenza b. tetanus c. botulism d. anthrax e. Lyme disease |
| B. | During a transformation a bacterium acquires a. DNA from a virus b. DNA from the environment c. DNA from conjugation d. a second genophore e. additional plasmids |
| A. | Strep throat is caused by a streptococcus bacterium when viewed with a microscope this organism would appear a. spherical and in chains b. spherical and in clusters c. rod-shaped and in chains d. rod-shaped and in pairs e. none of the above |
| E | Since bacterial genomes lack introns, transcription produces a. DNA b. hnRNA c. tRNA d. rRNA e. mRNA |
| E. | All of the following statements regarding prokaryotes are true except a. they dominate the biosphere b. they are the most numerous organisms on Earth c. Some live in Earth's most extreme environments d. they are important decomposers e. They are important producers of Earth's oxygen |
| D. | Penicillin acts to inhibit bacteria growth by a. preventing them from carrying out cellular respiration. b. preventing protein synthesis in the bacteria. c. causing their membranes to lose selectivity d. preventing bacterial cell wall synthesis e. preventing DNA replication. |
| C. | Since prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, where are the molecules necessary for the electron transport system found? a. in the cytosol b. on the cell wall c. on the plasma membrane d. in the matrix of the mitochondria e. on the thylakoid's membrane |
| E. | Bacteria which are classified as Gram negative a. have an outer membrane covering their peptidoglycan cell wall, b. are often resistant to wall-inhibiting antibiotics such as penicillin c. have a thinner cell wall than Gram positive bacteria d. apppear pink when stained by Gram's staining e. all of the above |
| D. | Bacteria reproduce by a. mitosis b. meiosis c. conjugation d. binary fission e. transformation |
| B. | Which of the following do all protists have in common? a. they are all mutlicellular b. they are all eukaryotic c. they are all photosynthetic d. they all have cell walls e. they are all fed by phagocytosis |
| E. | Which features of eukaryotes were first seen in protists? a. sexual reproduction b. meiosis c. 9+2 microtubule arrangement d. multicellularity e. all of the above |
| B. | The Kingdom Protista includes all of the following except a. slime molds b. blue green algae c. diatoms d. dinoflagellates e. red algae |
| C. | Algal protists are subdivided on the basis of their a. method of locomotion b. means of acquiring food c. pigmentation d. means of reproduction e. none of the above |
| A | Which protist: characteristic pair is mismatched? a. chlorophyta: also known as brown algae b. Zoomastigotes: responsible for African Sleeping Sickness c. Dinoflagellates: responsible for "red tide" d. Diatoms: have silica-based shell e. Ameoba: use pseudopods for locomotion |
| B. | Which of the following is a specialized water-regulating structure found in some protists? a. kidneys b. contractile vacuole c. pseudopods d. zoospore e. lysosome |
| E. | Which of the following terms is not associated with the protist that causes malaria? a. Sporozoan b. plasmodium vivax c. sporozoite d. merozoite e. Tsetse fly |
| D. | Protists are responsible for all of the following except a. Irish Potato Famine b. malaria c. red tide d. rabies e. White Cliffs of Dover England |
| E | Which process is used by a Paramecium as a means of genetic recombination? a. budding b. binary fission c. fusion d. meiosis d. conjugation |
| B. | Which Protist phyllum is believed to have given rise to the plant kingdom? a. Pheophyta b. chlorophyta c. Rhodophyta d. Euglenophyta e. Diatoms |
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