Waldron-Chapter 14 Test- Reform Movements
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Seneca Falls Convention | women's rights convention held by elizabeth cady stanton and lucretia mott in 1848 |
| Frederick Douglas | Self-educated slave who escaped in 1838, Douglas became the best-known abolitionist speaker. He edited an anti-slavery weekly, the North Star. |
| Sojourner Truth | United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and for the rights of women (1797-1883) |
| Suffrage | The right or privilege of voting. |
| Abolition | the legal prohibition and ending of slavery |
| Temperance Movement | abstinence from alcohol |
| William Lloyd Garrison | An abolitionist and the editor of the radical abolitionist newspaper, The Liberator, and also one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society. |
| Second Great Awakening | A second religious fervor that swept the nation. It converted more than the first. It also had an effect on moral movements such as prison reform, the temperance movement, and moral reasoning against slavery. |
| Dorothea Dix | reformer who worked for improved treatment of the metally ill |
| Utopia | a place where everything about life is perfect |
| Mormons | church founded by Joseph Smith in 1830 with headquarters in Salt Lake City, Utah |
| Shakers | A community committed to abstinence. They believed that they could attain communal perfection and prepare for the millennium. They are famous for their worship—they shake and tremble, walking and running, shouting and singing. This cult grew in wake of 2nd GA. A prophetism cult. |
| Transcendentalist | any of a group of New England writers who stressed the relationship between human beings and nature, spiritual things over material thins, and the importance of the individual con-science |
| Horace Mann | United States educator who introduced reforms that significantly altered the system of public education (1796-1859) |
| Catherine Beecher | believed women should use their moral power to influence change; women should become teachers, started all-female academy in Hartford |
| Oberlin College | the first college in northern Ohio that was the first in the country to admit female students and African Americans |
| American Colonization Society | A Society that thought slavery was bad. They would buy land in Africa and get free blacks to move there. One of these such colonies was made into what now is Liberia. Most sponsors just wanted to get blacks out of their country. |
| American Anti-Slavery Society | The first anti-slavery group in the United States devoted to immediate abolition, Garrison a founder |
| Lyman Beecher | speaker about the evils of alcohol |
| The Grimkes | sisters that were a part of both the abolition and women's rights movements |
| Declaration of Sentiments | declared that all "people are created equal"; used the Declaration of Independence to argue for women's rights |
| Lucy Stone | woman who maintained her maiden name after marriage; was extremely important to woman's suffrage |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | Along with Lucretia Mott, Co-founded the 1848 Women's Rights Convention held in Seneca Falls, New York |
| Lucretia Mott | Along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Co-founded the 1848 Women's Rights Convention held in Seneca Falls, New York |
| prohibition | a ban on alcohol |
| revivals | huge outdoor religious meetings |
| denominations | organized groups of congregations |
| Ann Lee | A Quaker woman who came from England in 1774. She gathered believers around her and claimed that God had told her that the source of all evil was sexual intercourse. |
| Irish | more than 1 million moved to US in 1840's due to a potato famine to avoid starvation in Ireland; largest group of immigrants from Old Immigration |
| Germans | Second largest group of Immigrants during Old Immigration |
| Nativists | term for those who were against immigration, anti foreignism |
| Know Nothing Party | Secret Nativist political party that opposed Immigration during the 1840's and early 1850's. Officially called the American Party |
| Susan B Anthony | argued for equal pay for equal work, led a campaign to change property laws regarding women |
| Thomas Gallaudet | studied techniques for instructing hearing impaired people and established the first american school for the hearing impaired |
| common school movement | a social reform effort that began in the mid- 1800s and promoted the idea of having all children educated in a common place regardless of social class or background. |
| tenements | poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived |
| Ralph Waldo Emerson | United States writer and leading exponent of transcendentalism (1803-1882) |
| Henry David Thoreau | American transcendentalist who was against a government that supported slavery. He wrote down his beliefs in Walden. He started the movement of civil-disobedience when he refused to pay the toll-tax to support the Mexican War. |
| Brook Farm | a transcendentalist utopia; an attempt by Thoreau and others to leave society behind |
| middle class | the social and economic level between the wealthy and the poor that developed during the era of Old Immigration (1820-1860) |
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