Civil Rights Movement Terms
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Created by:
nwalker4465 on March 23, 2011
Subjects:
american history, african american studies
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68 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 1. Jackie Robinson | 1st black baseball player in major leagues; stood up against racial segregation before in the army; knew he was mentally tough enough to handle the pressure |
| 2. 1948 | Military Desegregated |
| 3. Plessey vs. Ferguson | court case that was finalized saying that the separate but equal law, did not violate the 14th amendment; this made segregation legal in the South |
| 4. Oliver Brown | father sued over his daughter not being able to attend the school closest to home |
| 5. Brown vs. Board of Education | declared that separation is inherently unequal |
| 6. Thurgood Marshall | NAACP lawyer who won 29/32 cases and won the Brown case |
| 7. Arkansas | first Southern State to admit African Americans to state universities without being required by court; it was quietly desegregating on its own through city organizations |
| 8. Governor Farbus | governor of Arkansas who was a segregationists who vowed not to integrate schools |
| 9. Little Rock 9 | were the nine African Americans students who were to integrate Little Rock's Central High School |
| 10. NAACP | organization that drove the Little Rock 9 to school |
| 11. Elizabeth Eckford | girl left behind of the Little Rock 9 and she was forced to face the abuse alone |
| 12. Ernest Green | sole African American graduate of Central High School |
| 13. Montgomery Bus Boycott | Boycott that lasted for 381 in Montgomery, Alabama |
| 14. Rosa Parks | would not give up her seat, arrested & ordered to stand trial |
| 15. Baton Rouge Bus Boycott | first bus boycott |
| 16. Bomb | what was thrown in MLK's window |
| 17. NAACP | white and black reformers that fought to give legal equality to all Americans & remove voting barriers; fought through the court system; main leaders were Thurgood Marshall and W.E.B. Dubois; oldest civil rights organization |
| 18. National Urban League | allied closely with the NAACP; wanted to end discrimination in housing and employment; increased job opportunities; aided African Americans moving from south to north |
| 19. Martin Luther King Jr. | pastor of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, influenced by Ghandi, national spokesman for the Civil Rights Movement |
| 20. Coretta Scott King | MLK's wife |
| 21. 5 | how many children did MLK have |
| 22. SCLC | coordinated anti-segregation efforts of African American leaders in the South; name chosen so not to exclude anyone & to relate to many; believed in non-violent protests; sit ins, boycotts, marches; brought the church into the civil rights movement |
| 23. SNCC | off-shoot of SCLC; though SCLC not keeping up with the demands of the youth; gave young African Americans a role in the movement; became radical |
| 24. Robert Moses and Stockley Carmichael | leaders of SNCC that changed the name to Student National Coordinating Committee |
| 25. CORE | Congress of Racial Equality; started by pacifists during WWII, interracial; peaceful confrontation, influenced by Ghandi |
| 26. Black Muslims | Nation of Islam; African Americans who believed in Islam |
| 27. Elijah Muhammad | founder of Islam who preached separation of races |
| 28. Malcolm X | civil rights leader who disagreed with Elijah Muhammad and formed his own Muslim group; went from radical to ready to work with other races and leaders |
| 29. Muslim Mosque Inc | organization Malcolm X created because of his disagreement with Elijah Muhammad's teachings |
| 30. Saudi, Arabia | place where Malcolm went for a life changing pilgrimage |
| 31. Black Panthers | radical group that advocated "Black Power"; believed violence by whites should be answered by violence from blacks; called for 'better education, better medical care, and better housing"; spoke of racial revolution |
| 32. Bobby Seales and Huey Newton | leaders of the Black Panthers |
| 33. JFK and RFK | convinced and Alabama judge to release MLK from Jail |
| 34. Freedom Rides | an organized tactic to test if bus segregation still went on in the south by CORE |
| 35. James Meredith | African American air force veteran who wanted to go to Ole Miss |
| 36. Governor Ross Barnett | barred James Meredith from registering as a student at Ole Miss |
| 37. Birmingham | MLK decreed the "most segregated city in the country" |
| 38. Eugene Bull Connor | police commissioner of Birmingham who wanted to stop MLK in his endeavors |
| 39. Letter from Birmingham Jail | an open letter to white religious leaders that MLK wrote while in jail from being arrested at a march |
| 40. African American Children's March | march that made Bull Connor arrest 959 children; and the second time the kids were hosed, attacked by police dogs, and they were beaten with clubs and cattle prods |
| 41. Governor George Wallace | governor of Alabama who did not want to desegregate the University of Alabama |
| 42. Medgar Evers | civil rights leader in Mississippi who was assassinated |
| 43. March on Washington | march from the Washington Monument to the Lincoln Memorial |
| 44. Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin | leaders of SCLC who organized a demonstration in the nation's capitol; wanted to alert Congress and the people to the need for stronger civil rights that was being stalled in Congress |
| 45. I Have a Dream | famous speech that outlined long-term goals of the civil rights movement that was by MLK Jr. at the Lincoln Memorial |
| 46. Civil Rights Act of 1964 | civil rights bill that was passed by LBJ; abolished Jim Crow Laws; turning point of the civil rights movement |
| 47. Equal Employment Opportunity | banned the discrimination on the basis of race, sex, religion ethnicity by employers or unions |
| 48. 24th amendment | prohibited the use of the poll tax |
| 49. Voting Rights Act of 1965 | prohibited use of literacy tests, authorized votes in dangerous places, federal officials could register to vote in places where local officials were blocking registration; helped create new voting population in the south |
| 50. 6 African American girls | died in the 16th st. Baptist church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama |
| 51. Freedom Summer | event where black and white students went to Mississippi to register African Americans to vote in the 1964 presidential election |
| 52. James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner | 3 boys who ended up missing and bodies were found in a dam |
| 53. MFDP | Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party- organized by newly registered African American voters and SNCC wanted African Americans to have a voice in convention and gain a seat in the all white Democratic Party Delegates |
| 54. Fannie Lou Hammer | spokesperson for the MFDP; lost her job on a cotton plantation; beaten by white mob at Freedom Summer |
| 55. 2 | how many seats did the Democratic National Convention compromise out of the 68 MFDP delegates |
| 56. Protest March In Selma | protest march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama because of the intimidation by white mobs and police when people tried to vote; 50 miles |
| 57. de jure | racial separation forced by specific laws |
| 58. de facto | discrimination that was not segregation by law but by customs |
| 59. Whatts | most violent, Los Angeles neighborhood |
| 60. Byron de la Becwith | killed Medgar Evers in his driveway; was convicted till 30 years later |
| 61. Harlem | place where Malcolm X got shot |
| 62. 3 black Muslims | people who shot Malcolm x |
| 63. James Earl Ray | killed MLK Jr. |
| 64. May 17, 1954 | date of Brown vs. Board case |
| 65. July 2, 1964 | date when the Civil Rights Bill is passed |
| 66. June 12, 1953 | date when Medgar Evers killed by De La beckwith |
| 67. March 21, 1965 | date when Malcolm X killed |
| 68. April 4, 1968 | date when MLK killed at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis by James Earl Ray |
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