Neuroscience - Drugs and Medication
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Created by:
elizabethwiggans on March 24, 2011
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36 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 medication | a drug to treat an illness or disease, according to medical guidelines |
| drug | a chemical used to alter the function or structure of the body |
| drug addiction | compulsive use of drugs inspite of health and adverse side effects that overrides the reward pathway |
| caudet nucleus | a component in the brain that functions in memory and learning, a deficit in this makes OCD |
| hypothalamus | maintains homeostasis, regulates the amount of drugs in your body |
| caffiene | a drug that causes a decrese in the neurotransmitter or impulse |
| cocaine | a drug that blocks the reuptake of neurotransmitters |
| nicotine | a drug that causes an increase in neurotransmitters or impulse |
| nicotine, alcohol, opiates | drugs that cause an increase in impulses |
| caffeine | a drug that binds with adenosine receptors, stopping the feeling of sleepiness |
| ectasy | a drug that is taken up by a seratonin transporter, making the transporter work in reverse, sending out excess seratonine the drug also causes a slight increase in dopamine, making it slightly addictive |
| methamphetamine | a drug that is taken in by dopamine transporters, then it enters into dopamine vesicles, forcing the dopamine out of the vesicles and into the synaptic cleft it also causes the receptors to begin pumping in the opposite way, forcing more dopamine into the synaptic cleft |
| alcohol | a drug that increase the effectivity of GABA neurotransmitters while also binding to glutamate receptors, stopping the excitatory neurotransmitters |
| marijuana | contains the drug THC that blocks the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters, allowing for dopamine to be released mimics anandamide with cannabanoid receptors and allows for dopamine to be released - does not affect reward pathway |
| substance p | neurotransmitter that causes pain |
| endorphin | neurotransmitter that prevents pain pathway |
| acetylcholine | neurotransmitter that causes muscle contraction |
| norepinephrine | neurotransmitter that causes muscle activation, altertness, fight or flight |
| seratonin | neurotransmitter that regulates mood |
| dopamine | neurotransmitter that makes us feel good |
| glutamate | excitatory neurotransmitter |
| GABA | inhibitory neurotransmitter |
| aspartate | neurotransmitter that controls memory |
| cocaine | a drug that blocks the re-uptake transporters for dopamine |
| heroin | a drug that acts on inhibittory neurotransmitters that mimic natural opiates, binding to the opiate receptors and allowing for more dopamine to be released |
| VTA | the part of the reward pathway that tells the brain "I like it" |
| Nucleus Accumbens | the part of the reward pathway that releases to dopamine to feel good |
| Prefrontal cortex | the part of the reward pathways responsible for judgement, telling the brain "that was worth it, let's do it again" |
| synapse | a junction that allows a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell |
| synaptic cleft | a space between the two nerve cells |
| synaptic terminal | a bulb at the end of an axon in which neurotransmitter molecules are stored and released |
| neurotransmitter | chemicals that transmit signals to a neuron to a target cell across a synapses |
| neurotransmitter receptor | a membrane receptor protein |
| ion channels | pore-forming proteins that help establish and control the small voltage gradient across a plasma membrane of cells |
| pre-synaptic neuron | the sending neuron |
| post-synaptic neuron | the receiving neuron |
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