| Term | Definition |
|---|
| urinary bladder | an elastic muscular sac that lies in the base of the pelvis just behind the pubic symphysis; three layers of smooth muscle tissue lined with mucous membrane containing rugae |
| internal sphincter | protects us from having our bladder empty at the wrond time |
| external sphincter | opens on demand to allow the intentional emptying of the bladder |
| urethra | tubular canal that carreis the flow of urine from the bladder to the outside of teh body; |
| urinary meatus | external opening through which urine passes out of the body |
| homeostasis | chemical balance in the body |
| electrolytes | small biologically important molecules such as Na+, K+, Cl-, and HCO-3 regulated by the kidneys |
| kidneys role | responsible for homeostasis in the body, adjust the chemical conditions in the body that allow you to survive, maintains the body's proper balance of water and chemicals, regulates electrolytes, maintain the correct pH range within the body; do all this through the production of urine |
| three stages of urine production | filtration, reabsorption, secretion |
| filtration | first stage of urine production during which waste products are filtered from the blood |
| reabsorbtion | second phase of urine production; substances needed by the body are reabsorbed as the filtrate passes through the kidney tubules |
| secretion | third phase of urine production; additional waste products are added to the filtrate as it passes through the kidney tubules |
| glomerular filtrate | fluid of the tubules that consists of water, elecrolytes and nutrients such as glucose and amino acids, wastes and toxins |
| peritubular capillaries | capillary bed that surrounds the renal tubules |
| urine contains | 95% water and many dissolved substances such as electrolytes, toxins and nitrogenous wastes |
| nitrogenous waste | byproducts of muscle metabolism |
| albumin | a protein that should remain in the blood that sometimes is found in the urine |
| substances that should not be in urine | glucose, blood, albumin |
| specific gravity | indicates the amount of dissolved substances in urine |
| antibiotic | used to treat bacterial infections of the urinary tract; ciprofloxacin, cipro; macrobid |
| antispasmodic | medication to prevent or reduce bladder muscle spasms; oxybutynin, ditropan |
| diuretic | medication that increases the volume of urine produced by the kidneys; useful in the treatment of edema, kidney failure, heart failure and hypertension; furosemide, lasix, aldactone |
Combine with other sets
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