Medical Terminology (Chapter 12 roots and combining forms & anatomical terms)
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 aque/o | water |
| blephar/o | eyelid |
| blepharospasm | twitch in the eyelid |
| conjunctiv/o | conjunctiva (to join together) |
| corne/o, kerat/o | cornea |
| cycl/o | ciliary body (circle) |
| ir/o, irid/o | iris (colored circle) |
| lacrim/o, dacty/o | tear |
| ocul/o, opthalm/o, opt/o | eye |
| phac/o, phak/o | lens (lentil) |
| phot/o | light |
| presby/o | old age |
| retin/o | retina |
| scler/o | sclera (hard) |
| vitre/o | glassy |
| -opia | condition of vision |
| anterior chamber | fluid filled space between the cornea and iris |
| aqueous humor | watery liquid secreted at the ciliary body that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens (humor=fluid) |
| canal of Schlemm | duct in the anterior chamber that carries filtered aqueous humor to the veins and bloodstream |
| ciliary processes | epithelial tissue folds on the inner surface of the ciliary body that secretes aqueous humor |
| conjunctiva | joining together' mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball |
| cornea | transparent, anterior part of the eyeball covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber that functions to refract (bend) light to focus a visual image |
| eyelid (palpebra) | movable protective fold that opens and closes, covering the eye |
| fovea centralis | pinpoint depression in the center of the macula lutea that is the site of sharpest vision |
| fundus (base) | interior surface of the eyeball including the retina, optic disk, macula, and posterior pole (curvature at the back of the eye). |
| glands of Zeis | oil glands surrounding the eyelashes |
| meibomian glands | oil glands located along the rim of the eyelids |
| iris | colored circle; colored part of the eye located behind the cornea that contracts and dilates to regulate light passing through the pupil |
| lacrimal gland | gland located in the upper outer region above the eyeball that secretes tears |
| lacrimal ducts | tubes that carry tears to the lacrimal sac |
| lacrimal sac | structure that collects tears before emptying into the nasolacrimal duct |
| lens | transparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays on the retina |
| lens capsule | capsule that encloses the lens |
| macula lutea (macula) | central region of the retina responsible for central vision; yellow pigment provides its color |
| pupil | black circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye |
| anisocoria | different size pupils |
| diplocoria | two pupils in a single eye |
| retina | innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve |
| cones | cone shaped cells within the retina that are color sensitive and respond to bright light |
| rods | rod-shaped cells within the retina that respond to dim light |
| scotopia | enhanced vision at night |
| nyctalopia | bad vision at night, night blindness |
| sclera | tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve |
| vitreous | jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye |
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