genetic engineering vocab
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Created by:
alexandra_angus on March 27, 2011
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 genetic engineering | making changes in the DNA |
| selective breeding | allowing only those with desired characterisitcs to reproduce |
| polyploidy | plants grown from cells with double or triple the amount of chromosomes than a regular cell |
| hybridization | the crossing of dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms |
| inbreeding | the continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics |
| restriction enzyme | cuts DNA out at specific sequence of necleotides |
| recognition sequence | a nucleotide sequence that is recognized and then cut by the restriction enzyme |
| plasmid | a small circular DNA molecule that helps with tranformation |
| cutting site | the bases which end the DNA sequence needed; cut by restriction enzymes |
| sticky ends | the ends of the desired DNA which match the bases of the new DNA to attach |
| fragments | short fragments of DNA that are synthesized during DNA replication |
| transgenic | organisms that contain recombinant DNA |
| transformation | the genetic alteration of a bacterial cell resulting from the transfer of foreign DNA |
| recombinant DNA | DNA containing genes from another organism |
| gene splicing | placing genes from one organism into another |
| gel electrophoresis | a meathod used to separate DNA fragments by electracuting them |
| agarose | the type of gel used in gel electrophoresis |
| wells | cavities in the gel electrophorisis that the DNA is poured into; release DNA into gel |
| micropipette | the pipette designed for very small amounts of a substance |
| DNA finger printing | a way to individualize DNA; uses small and useless sections of genes that are very different |
| banding pattern | a pattern of bands that show (through dye) certain patterns that stand for a DNA sequence |
| gene therapy | a treatment of a disease by changing or "fixing" a gene |
| cloning | creating an organism that is genetically identical (or a copy) of the first. |
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