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Native American Association A group founded in 1845 that has nothing to do with Indians. It was a group that was anti-immigration. They really hated others taking their jobs etc Erie Canal It was completed in 1845, and was a great asset to trade to the general wealth of the country but particularly to New York commerce. The greatest construction project the US had ever undertaken. Basically it was a 40 foot wide and 4 foot deep ditch. Mohawk and Hudson Railroad Two railroads that began operation in 1831. They were both 16 miles long and ran the distance between Schenectady and Albany Samuel F. B. Morse They guy who invented the telegraph. After several years of experimentation, he succeeded in sending a telegraph from Baltimore to Washington. With the news that James Knox Polk's nomination for president. "corporations" Just a capitalist collection of a bunch of people who are looking for money and to protect themselves and their jobs. interchangeable parts Basically an idea that Eli Whitney came up with to mass produce stuff so that it would be less annoying when you had to replace stuff. Lowell and Waltham system A system of recruiting young women, mostly farmers daughters in their late teens or early twenties to work in factories and stuff Factory Girls Association An association made up of factory girls. They went on strike to protest the 25% pay cut in 1834, then again went on strike two years later to protest the increase in price of boarding. "express contract" A contract that a worker voluntary enters into calling for more time on the job. It was in response to laws passed in New Hampshire and Pennsylvania to limit the work day to 10 hours, unless they entered into an express contract. However they were kind of useless as an employer could just force an employee to sign it in order to have that job. This occurred in 1848. Central Park A park built in Manhattan New York which began in the 1850s was a result of pressure from the members of high society, who wanted an elegant setting for their daily carriage rides. "safety valve" The phrase Frederick Jackson Turner alter referred to as the availability of western lands. It was a safety valve for discontent, a basic explanation for the relative lack of social conflict in pre- Civil War United States. So basically, if people weren't happy with how life was treating them in the industrial north, they would just pack up and move away if they had enough money, going west. It prevented tension among class. Oberlin College The first college in the united states to accept female students, starting in 1837. It was in Ohio, and acted as a experiment approximating "free love." It supposedly made the male and female students at the school happier, but god knows if it really did, especially as only four female students were allowed in at first. "domestic virtues" The view of women that encouraged and increased the value of the role of mothers in a family. Nurturing the young was emphasized. Similarly, women's role as wives increased as well. Plus women became consumers. basically Women = home, and not politics, religion, or controversy. Sarah Hale The editor of Godey's Lady's Book after 1837, who had earlier founded a women's magazine of her own. It dealt with fashions, shopping and homemaking advice, domestic concerns. Hale said in 1841 that "other subjects are more important for our sex, and more proper for our sphere." :( P.T. Barnum a showman who essentially started the freak show.Barnum pioneered this, but was probably more than just a freak showman himself, but a capitalist in the purest sense. Ever heard of Tom Thumb, well that entire success was based off Barnum's marketed the midget so well that he became famous. So really, he's an entrepreneur. He started his American Museum (the house of his self-proclaimed freaks) in 1842. His circus was launched in the 1870s Cyrus H. McCormick The inventor of the automatic reaper the automatic reaper. The inventor of the automatic reaper the automatic reaperHe patented his machine in 1834, and established a factory in Chicago. Interstate highways A network of roads that went through and connected US cities Baltimore and Ohio First company to begin actual operations of te railroads and opened 13 miles of track in 1830 DeWitt Clinton Became the governor of New York and advocated the construction of the Eerie Canal Steamboats Vastly improved internal transportation by water in 1820s because it made traveling upsteam much quicker Turnpike Era TIme during 1790s to 1820s where most Americans relied on roads for internal transportation American Party Political organization that was created after the election of 1852 by the Know-Nothings "Know Nothings" A nativist movement whose members used secret passwords such as "I know nothing" Supreme Order of the Star-Spangled Banner Formed when several Nativists groups combined in the 1850 and demanded banning the foreign-born from holding office Horace Greeley's Tribune A major metropolitan newspaper in New York that gave serious attention to national and international events