Toy: Ch. 32
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Created by:
kimbabmonster on March 28, 2011
Description:
Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901-1912
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54 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 progressives | reformists who waged war on monopoly, corruption, and social injustice and wanted to improve American life |
| Henry Demarest Lloyd | wrote the "Wealth against Commonwealth" to accuse the Standard Oil Company of wrongdoing |
| Thorstein Veblen | attacked the new rich with his "The Theory of the Leisure Class" |
| Jacob Riis | reporter for the New York "Sun" who wrote "How the Other Half Lives" to inform middle-class Americans of the New York slums |
| Theodore Dreiser | progressive author of "The Financier" and "The Titan" |
| muckrakers | group of investigative reporters, journalists and writers who pointed out the abuses of big business and the corruption of urban politics |
| Lincoln Steffens | wrote articles in "McClure's" titled "The Shame of the Cities" to unmask the corrupt alliance between big businesses and the government |
| Ida Tarbell | woman journalist who published an expose of the Standard Oil Company |
| Thomas Lawson | wrote a series of articles called the "Frenzied Finance" who revealed corrupt practices of speculators |
| David Phillips | wrote "The Treason of the Senate" in "Cosmopolitan" and charged 75 of the 90 senators of not representing people, but instead the railroads and trusts; got shot in 1911 |
| Ray Stannard Baker | wrote "Following the Color Line" about unfair treatment of blacks |
| John Spargo | wrote "The Bitter Cry of the Children" to expose abuses of child labor |
| Dr. Harvey Wiley | chief chemist of the Department of Agriculture who performed experiments on himself with his Poison Squad to attack vendors of patent medicines, aka drugs |
| initiative | what Progressives favored so that voters could directly propose legislation themselves, bypassing party bosses |
| referendum | what Progressives agitated for so that voters could give the final approval on laws |
| recall | would enable voters to remove poorly functioning elected officials |
| Millionaires' Club | derogatory nickname for the rich-people-infested Senate |
| Seventeenth Amendment | approved in 1913, a progressive amendment that established direct election of US senators |
| Galveston, Texas | first city to appoint expert-staffed commissions to manage urban affairs in 1901 |
| La Follette | progressive Republican governor of Wisconsin who wrested considerable power from trusts |
| Hiram Johnson | Republican governor of California who broke the dominance of the Southern Pacific Railroad in politics |
| Charles Evans Hughes | Republican governor of New York who investigated malpractices of gas and insurance companies and the gas trust |
| Triangle Shirtwaist Company | sweatshop company in New York that caught fire and incinerated 146 women workers |
| Muller v. Oregon | court case in which attorney Louis Brandeis persuaded the Supreme Court to accept the constitutionality of laws protecting women workers |
| Lochner v. New York | Supreme Court case that invalidated a New York law establishing a ten-hour day for bakers |
| Frances Willard | one of the founders of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union |
| Eighteenth Amendment | amendment that temporarily outlawed the sale of liquor |
| Square Deal | Roosevelt's program that embraced control of corporations, consumer protection and conservation of natural resources |
| Bureau of Corporations | created by the newly born Department of Commerce and Labor, this authorized to investigate businesses engaged in interstate commerce; was useful in breaking trusts and monopolies |
| Elkins Act of 1903 | legislation that imposed heavy fines on railroads that gave rebates and on shippers that accepted them |
| Hepburn Act of 1906 | Strictly limited the distribution of free railroad passes, a common form of bribery. It also gives the Interstate Commerce Commission power to set maximum railroads rates. |
| Northern Securities Company | railroad holding company organized by JP Morgan and James Hill that was busted by Roosevelt |
| Upton Sinclair | wrote "The Jungle" that appalled the public with his description of nasty food products and filthy Chicago slaughterhouses |
| Meat Inspection Act of 1906 | passed by Congress that decreed that preparation of meat shipped over state lines would be subject to federal inspection |
| Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 | passed by Congress and was designed to prevent adulteration and mislabeling of foods and pharmaceuticals |
| Desert Land Act of 1877 | act under which the federal government sold arid land cheaply on the condition that the purchaser irrigate the soil within three years |
| Forest Reserve Act of 1891 | authorized the president to set aside public forests as nationals parks and other reserves |
| Carey Act of 1894 | distributed federal land to the states on the condition that it be irrigated and settled; led to the cultivation of about a million acres |
| Gifford Pinchot | head of the federal Division of Forestry |
| Newlands Act of 1902 | authorized federal government to collect money from sale of public lands in western states and use the funds for development of irrigation projects |
| Roosevelt Dam | was constructed on Arizona's Salt River in 1911 |
| John Muir | conservationist-naturalist of Yosemite National Park |
| Sierra Club | founded in 1892 to dedicate itself to preserving the wilderness of the western landscape |
| Jack London | author of "Call of the Wild" |
| Boy Scouts of America | the country's largest youth organization |
| Hetch Hetchy Valley | area in the Yosemite National Park where the federal government allowed San Francisco to build a dam in 1913 |
| Aldrich-Vreeland Act | authorized national banks to issue emergency currency in 1908 |
| William Taft | Roosevelt's successor in 1908 |
| dollar diplomacy | concept of using foreign policy to protect investments abroad and using Wall Street dollars to uphold foreign policy |
| Payne-Aldrich Bill | bill that moderately lowered the tariff in 1909, but on **** like sea moss, hides and canary-bird seeds |
| Richard Ballinger | Secretary of the Interior who opened public lands in Wyoming, Montana and Alaska to corporate development and was criticized by Pinchot |
| New Nationalism | Roosevelt's progressive political policy that favored heavy government intervention in order to assure social justice |
| Victor Berger | Elected as the nation's first Socialist congressman in 1910 by the Socialist Party, winning public elections across the country |
| National Progressive Republican League | party led by Senator La Follette in 1911 |
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