| Term | Definition |
|---|
| praetor | (8) law court judges who apply the law in court cases; must be patricians; 1 yr. term; sometimes they can form a temporary consul |
| censor | (2) serve for 18 months, only elected every 5 yrs; not in office all the time; must be patricians; 2 functions: count the citizens & review the records of all other public officers) |
| Cincinnatus | courageous soldier who became dictator; defeated foreign invasion then resigned and returned home |
| dictator | temporary office that is open to any citizen for a 6 month term in a state of absolute emergency |
| consul | (2) executive branch; always patricians; serve 1 yr. terms; run government; veto power, must agree; army commander in times of war. |
| conflict of the orders | plebians were angry because they were not being represented; peceful series of reforms. 1) twelve tables 2) can marry patricians 3) magistrates open to plebians 4) concilium plebis w/ full powers (assembly) 5) have their own magistrates "tribune of the plebs" 6) all tribunes have veto power |
| plebian | commoners |
| patrician | aristocrat; traditional ruling class; very wealthy/politically powerful |
| auctoritas | patrican class only; "natural commandibility"; charisma; commands respect |
| virtus | manly virtue; strong and reliable man; courage. honor repect, physical strength, and trustworthiness |
| levitas | lightness; lack of weightl; levity; not serious/carefree |
| gravitas | seriousness; good Romans will approach duties with dignity, gravity, and seriousness |
| res noviae | "new stuff", break w/ tradition; refusal to follow traditions of the past |
| comitia curiata | (30 lictors) 'assembly of the courts"; award honors (usually military); appoint religious officials |
| comitia centuriata | (193 centuries); powerful, full legislative power; pass any law except declaration of war; responsible for electing consuls, praetors, and censors; voting districts; richer are in smaller centuries & wealthier are in larger centuries; 8 for Equites and 90 for first class infantry |
| comitia tributa | (34 tribes) assigned by family not class; 34 voting blocks; all are supposed to represent an equal # of citizens; elect the lower magistrates; 4 city tribes: lower middle class and 30 rural tribes: rich and low class clients |
| aediles | (4) responsible for arranging public services/ceremonies, and maintaining the city; food distribution and garbage disposal; 2 plebian and 2 patrician; 1 yr. term |
| cursus honorum | means "honorable path:; you may not be elected until you have served as a lower officer (dictator doesn't count) |
| quaestors | (20) financial officers; makes sure taxes are collected; track public serving; stay in office for 1 yr. term |
Combine with other sets
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