| Term | Definition |
| Maria | Lunar 'seas' dark spots on the moon |
| 30 maria | these are on the side of the moon facing us |
| Mare Imbrium | The maria in the middle of the moon; about 1100 km across |
| crater | greek word meaning cup or bowl shaped |
| rays | craters that have light streaks that spread out in all directions |
| rills | fourth feature of the moon; canyon like valleys that run along the lunar surface may be straight or curved |
| Gravity | weight depends on this, but mass does not |
| ellipse | the path the moon takes around the earth; it is not perfectly round |
| surface temperature | the moon changes temperature because it moves away from the sun |
| stable temperature | the temperature of the moon's core |
| inertia | an object that stays in one place or to keep moving in a straight line |
| moon's orbit | around the earth clockwise |
| earth's orbit | around the sun clockwise |
| planets orbit | revolve around the sun counter clock wise |
| rotation | the moon spins or turns as it revolves around the sun |
| moon's phases | looks different at different times of the month |
| crescent | moon shaped like a banana |
| gibbous | phase of the moon meaning hump backed |
| waxing | moon is showing more of its lighted surface |
| waning | the lighted surface of the moon is getting smaller |