5 Written Questions

1. A failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis I or the failure of sister chromatids to separate during mitosis or meiosis II.
2. A codon is changed to a "stop" signal.
3. A given genetic sequence can be expressed in different ways under different conditions, or at different times.
4. In proteins, a functional unit that has a distinctive pattern of structural folding.
5. A codon is changed such that the new codon codes for a different amino acid.

5 Matching Questions

1. Chromosome Inversion
2. Exon
3. Gene Rearrangement
4. Polyploidy
5. Point Mutation

1. a A piece of DNA reattaches to its original chromosome but in a reverse direction.
2. b An abnormal condition of having more than two sets of chromosomes.
3. c A gene is moved to a new location
4. d One of several nonadjacent nucleotide sequences that are part of one gene and that are transcribed, joined together, and then translated.
5. e A change of a single nucleotide in a sequence from one kind of base to another.

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. A nucleotide sequence that is part of a gene and that is transcribed from DNA into mRNA but not translated into amino acids.
   1. Exon
   2. Insertion
   3. Operon
   4. Intron
2. A change in the structure or amount of the genetic material of an organism.
   1. Mutation
   2. Mutagens
   3. Mutant
   4. Deletion
3. A factor that can increase the rate of mutation.
   1. Mutation
   2. Mutant
   3. Intron
   4. Mutagens
4. An enzyme that is needed to begin and/or continue genetic transcription.
   1. Transcription Factor
   2. Insertion
   3. Frameshift Mutation
   4. Nondisjunction
5. An insertion or deletion causes the reading frame to be moved and the remaining sequence can be "read" as different codons.
   1. Point Mutation
   2. Missense Mutation
   3. Silent Mutation
   4. Frameshift Mutation

5 True/False Questions

1. Silent Mutation → A change of a single nucleotide in a sequence from one kind of base to another.

   True        False

2. Insertion → The addition of one or more nucleotides into a sequence.

   True        False

3. Deletion → The addition of one or more nucleotides into a sequence.

   True        False

4. Chromosome Translocation → A piece of DNA ends up in a completely different, nonhomologous chromosome.

   True        False

5. Chromosome Deletion → A piece of DNA of a chromosome is lost.

   True        False