Chap 17 ANS
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pikafuego Plus on March 30, 2011
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67 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 2 main divisions of the ANS | sympathetic parasympathetic |
| ANS afferent pathways originate in.... | visceral organs |
| ANS efferent pathway originates in | CNS |
| ANS afferent pathway terminates in... | CNS |
| ANS efferent pathways terminates at | visceral organs |
| Pre ganglionic visceral motor neurons have cell bodies in | CNS |
| Postganglionic neurons have cell body in | PNS (autonomic ganglia) |
| Fight or flight | sympathetic |
| feed and breed | parasympathetic |
| 3rd division of the ANS | ENS (enteric nervous system) |
| Preganglionic fibers that synapse near spinal cord are part of which major division of ANS? | sympathetic (thoracolumbar) |
| Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers originate where (specifically)? | CN III, VII, IX, and X sacral spinal cord |
| Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers synapse | (on or near) target organ |
| All preganglionic ANS fibers release what NT (use abbreviation)? | ACh |
| Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers also release | ACh |
| Sympathetic postganglionic fibers release | NE (norepinephrine) |
| 3 components of sympathetic division | preganglionic neurons T1-L2 ganglia near spinal cord specialized neurons in suprarenal gland |
| Where specifically are the cell bodies of preganglionic sympathetic neurons? where do they exit? | lateral gray horns ventral roots |
| 2 types sympathetic ganglia | sympathetic chain ganglia collateral (prevertebral) |
| Once sympathetic preganglionic fiber exits as spinal nerve, it branches into the _____________ as it exits the foramen | white ramus communicans |
| Carries myelinated fibers into the sympathetic chain ganglion | white ramus |
| fibers entering the chain ganglion have 3 choices | (1) synapse at same level as where entered (2) ascend or descend (3) go to collateral ganglion or suprarenal medulla |
| Sympathetic chain ganglion targets | organs in thoracic cavity head, body wall, limbs |
| Collateral ganglia target | organs in abdominopelvic |
| Suprarenal medullae (neural part of adrenal gland) target | organs and systems everywhere |
| What's special about the adrenal pathway? | uses hormones |
| White ramus contains (myelinated or unmyelinated) fibers? | myelinated (white) |
| Preganglionic fibers are (myelinated or unmyelinated) ? | myelinated |
| Postganglionic fibers are (myelinated or unmyelinated) fibers? | unmyelinated |
| How to postganglionic fibers that innervate body wall targets (sweat glands, b.v. muscle) re-enter spinal nerve to reach their target? | grey ramus communicans |
| Postganglionic fibers innervating thoracic organs (heart, lungs) are not innervated by spinal nerves, but instead by | sympathetic nerves |
| Proceed directly to their targets after leaving sympathic chain ganglion | Sympathetic nerves |
| Cardiac nerve and esophogeal nerve are examples of | sympathetic nerves |
| What is the fxn of increased activity of sympathetic chain ganglion? | prepare target for crisis |
| anatomy of the sympathetic chain | 3 cervical 11-12 thoracic 2-5 lumbar 4-5 sacral 1 coccygeal |
| Major effects of sympathetic postganglionic fibers in spinal nerves | constrict b.v. increase blood flow to muscles and brain stimulate energy production/use in skel muscle release lipids from adipose increase sweat stim arrector pilli dilate pupils |
| Major effects of sympathetic postganglionic fibers in sympathetic nerves | increase heart rate increase cardiac contraction strength dilate bronchioles |
| Major effects of sympathetic postganglionic fibers innervating collateral ganglia | constrict peripheral b. v. reduce blood to organs decrease digestion release glucose from glycogen stored in liver release lipids from adipose relax urinary bladder reduce urine output ejaculation |
| Effects of suprarenal medulla | release epinephrine and NE into blood |
| Preganglion sympathetic neurons are only found between which segments of spinal cord | T1-L2 |
| Spinal nerves from T1-L2 have both | white rami (preganglionic) grey rami (postganglionic) |
| Cervical , inferior lumbar and sacral chain ganglia are innervated by white rami of | T1-L2 (ascending or descending) |
| How do fibers from white rami arrive at other levels? | ascend or descend chain ganglia |
| Every spinal nerve has what kind of ramus | grey |
| If you have a spinal injury to a cervical ventral root, you will have paralysis of voluntary muscle but retain | sympathetic fxn |
| Abdominopelvic viscera is innervated by preganglionic fibers that originate at | lower thoracic and lumbar spinal cord |
| Splanchic nerves, which innervate the visceral organs, synapse at one of the following 3 collateral ganglia: | celiac ganglion (most superior) superior mesenteric ganglion inferior mesenteric ganglion |
| 4 splanchic nerves: | greater lesser lumbar sacral |
| the sacral splanchic nerves end at the | hypogastric plexus |
| Stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder pancreas and spleen are innervated by which ganglion | celiac |
| The small intestine and parts of the large intestine are innervated by which sympathetic ganglion? | superior mesenteric |
| Kidney, bladder, sex organs and part of lg intestine are innervated by which sympathetic ganglion? | inferior mesenteric |
| Some preganglionic fibers from T5-T8 pass thru the sympathetic chain ganglion and celiac ganglion to synapse in the | suprarenal medulla |
| What is the effect at the target organ when collateral ganglia of the sympathetic division are activated? | reduce blood flow release stored energy |
| The point of sympathetic innevation to the viscera is to turn off functions that are | not necessary for immediate survival of crisis |
| preganglionic fibers synapse in the suprarenal medulla on | modified neurons |
| The modified neurons of the suprarenal medulla have (long/short) axons and release _________ | short E (or) NE |
| From the suprarenal medulla, E and NE are released to the | blood |
| The effects of NE or Epinephrine are similar to the effects of the sympathetic innervation except | lasts much longer |
| What brain structure controls sympathetic stimulation? | hypothalmus |
| General effects of the sympathetic system: | increased alertness energy increased activity in cardiovascular and respiratory centers increased muscle tone energy stores mobilized |
| Choinergic synapses use which n.t.? | ACh |
| all preganglionic fibers release | ACh |
| With a few exceptions, sympathetic postganglionic fibers release _______ at effector organ | NE |
| Where are the exceptions where sympathetic postganglionic fibers release ACh to target | skin body wall skeletal muscle |
| Sympathetic postganglionic fibers do not end at a single neuromuscular jxn, but instead at a "pop -bead" in a network of terminals called | varicosities |
| Why does E and NE in the blood last much longer than that released within a skeletal muscle? | because is reabsorbed, broken down and diffused into blood |
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