AP Unit 4 Chapter 7 Vocabulary
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 party | a group that seeks to elect candidates to public office by supplying them with a label (party identification), by which they are known to the electorate |
| critical or realigning periods | periods when a sharp, lasting shift occurs in the popular coalitions supporting one or both parties two kinds: -a majority party is defeated so badly that it disappears and a new party emerges -two existing parties continue but votes shift their loyalty from one to another |
| primary | an election in which voters select the candidate who will run on each party's ticket |
| caucus | a meeting of party followers at which delegates are picked |
| national committee | sets time and place of national conventions; issues a "call" setting the numer of dfelegates for each state and the rules for their selection |
| political machine | a party organization that recruits members via tangible incentives |
| ideological party | principle is more important than winning election |
| solidary groups | members are motivated by solidary incentives |
| sponsored parties | created or sustained by another organization |
| personal following | requires an appealing personality, an extensive network, name recognition, and money |
| electoral system | winner-take-all and plurality system limit the number of parties |
| opinions of voters | two broad coalitions work, although there may be times of bitter dissent |
| ideological parties | comprehensive, radical view; most enduring; a party that values principled stands on issues above all else |
| one-issue parties | address one concern, avoid others |
| economic protest parties | regional, protest economic conditions |
| factional parties | from split in a major party, usually over the party's presidential nominee |
| congressional campaign committee | a party committee in Congress that provides funds to members and would-be members |
| mugwumps (or progressives) | Republican party faction of the 1890s to the 1910s compsed of reformers who opposed patronage |
| national chairman | day-to-day party manager elected by the national committee |
| national convention | a meeting of party delegates held every four years |
| plurality system | an electorl system in which the winner is that person who gets the most votes, even if they do not receive a majority; used in almost all American elections |
| split ticket | voting for candidates of different parties for various offices in the same election |
| straight ticket | voting for candidates who are all the same party |
| superdelegates | party leaders and elcted officials who become delegates to the national convention without having to run in primaries or caucuses |
| two-party system | an electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in national elections |
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