| Term | Definition |
| climate | the average, year after year conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds, and clouds in an area |
| microclimate | a small area with climate conditions that differ from those around it |
| tropical zone | an area near the equator, between about 23.5 degrees N latitude and 23.5 degrees S latitude |
| polar zones | an area from about 66.5 degrees to 90 degrees N latitude to about 66.5 degrees to 90 degrees S latitude |
| temperate zones | the area between the tropical zones and the polar zones |
| marine climates | the climate of some coastal regions with relatively warm winters abd cool summers |
| continental climates | the climate of the centers of continents, with cold winters and warm or hot summers |
| windward | the side of the mountain where the wind hits |
| leeward | the side of a mountain range that faces away from oncoming wind |
| monsoons | sea and land breezes over a large region that change direction with the seasons |