| Term | Definition |
| Natural rights | Fundamental rights, such as religious liberty and equality before the law. |
| constitution | A set of basic principles that determines the powers and duties of a government |
| republic | Type of government in which the people hold political power |
| virginia statute for religious freedom | Legislation that gave people in Virginia freedom of worship and freedom to speak their pinions about religion |
| suffrage | voting rights |
| articles of confederation | Document that created the first central govrnment for the united states; was replaced by the constitution in 1789 |
| ratification | Formal approval |
| land Ordinance of 1787 | Legislation passed by congress authorizing surveys and the division of public lands in the western region of the country |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | Legislation passed by congress to establish a political structure for the lands in the northwest territoty |
| Northwest Terriotory | lands including present day Illinos, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota;established by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 |
| tariffs | taxes on imports or exports |
| interstate commerce | Trade that is conducted between states |
| creditors | people who lend money |
| debtors | people who owe money |