| Term | Definition |
| Changes made to the natural landscape, clearing trees, building buildings, paving roads | Built Landscape |
| Evidence of successive societies on the cultural imprint of a place contributing to the cultural landscape | Sequenct Occupance |
| Forms and artifacts placed on the natural landscape by humans which modify the original physical landscape of a place | Cultural Landscape |
| Total population divided by the total area in square units | Arithmetic Density |
| The number of people per unit area of arable land | Physiological Density |
| Spatial spreading of cultural elements or someother phenomenon like disease | Diffusion |
| Source or origination of an object or idea | Hearth |
| Process by which an item or idea is transmitted by their carrier as they leave an old area nd move to another. Ex. migrating population | Relocation diffusion |
| Spread of an innovation or idea from the source outward to those in adjacent areas so that the area of dissemination is expanding. | Expansion diffusion |
| Spread of innovation or idea from first adaptors down into common use | Hierarchical diffusion |
| Spreading of idea, innovation, or disease through a population by contact from person to person | Contagious diffusion |
| Adaptation of an idea or innovation to meet the needs of a new group or culture | Stimulus diffusion |
| Low density and widely spaced Ex. farms in US Midwest | Dispersed settlements |
| Random pattern dispersion | Scattered settlements |
| Groups of homes arranged for defense or similar needs. | Clustered settlements |
| Compact, closely packed settlement surrounded by farmland. Ex. hamlet | Agglomerated (nucleated) settlements |
| Arrangement along a straight line | Linear patterns |
| Arrangement of objects or | Centralized patterns |
| Distribution without organized plan or pattern | Random patterns |
| The physical environment prior to manmade changes and use. | Natural Landscape |