circulatory system-4-1-2011 test monday
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 heart has | 4 membranes,4 chambers,4 valves |
| 4 cardiac membranes | pericardium,epicardium,myocardium,endocardium |
| atria chambers | uppermost chamber of heart-2;R & L |
| ventricles chambers | bottom chambers of the heart-2;R & L |
| 4 valves of heart | tricuspid: 3 cusps,bicuspid: 2 cusps(aka mitral valve),pulmonary,aortic |
| cardiac cycle | 1 complete heartbeat |
| top chambers of the heart | contract & relax together(atria) |
| bottom chambers of the heart | contract & relax together(ventricles) |
| heart sounds | 1st sound"LUBB", 2nd sound"DUBB" |
| "LUBB" | valves slamming shut between atria & ventricles |
| "DUBB" | valves caused by semi-lunar valves closing in the aorta & pulmonary arteries |
| arteries | carry blood away, strongest blood vessels |
| vasoconstriction | the wall constricts |
| vasodilation | wall dilates |
| arterioles | small branches of arteries |
| veins | requires skeletal muscle contraction & valves for movement |
| varicose veins | occurs when valves are destroyed & blood pools into veins |
| capillaries | smallest type of blood vessels,branches of arterioles,connect arterioles to venules |
| venules | very small blood vessels that are formed when capillaries merge together |
| pulmonary circuit | route blood takes from the heart to the lungs & back to the heart again |
| systemic circuit | route blood takes from the heart through the body & back to the heart, starts in the left & then to the right |
| arterial system | carries blood AWAY from the heart mostly oxygen rich blood |
| venous system | carry blood TO the heart (BLUE BLOOD) |
| vena cava | LARGEST VEIN IN THE BODY |
| superior vena cava | collects blood from above the heart |
| inferior vena cava | collects blood from below the heart |
| premature contractions | PAC'S,PJC'S,PVC'S |
| arrhythmias | this is known as an Ectopic Pacemaker where the area of the heart will "SPARK" and stimulate the contraction of the rest of the myocardium |
| heart block | can be viewable on ekg |
| 3 types of blocks | first,second,third |
| artificial pacemaker | is used when the natural pacemaker fails to maintain a normal heart rate |
| defibrillator | like an artificial pacemaker |
| tachycardia | rapid heart rate.over 100 bpm |
| bradycardia | slow heart rate,less than 60 bpm |
| study the blood flow(1-14) | pulmonary circuit(2-10),systemic circuit(10-21) |
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