| Term | Definition |
|---|
| spindle | meshlike structure that helps move the chromosomes apart |
| mitosis | process by which the cell nucleus is divided |
| prophase | first and longest phase of mitosis |
| volume | As a cell increases in size, which increases more rapidly |
| cell division | the process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells is called____ ______ |
| each new cell can exchange more material than the original cell | when 1 cell divides in 2, what happens to the surface area to volume ratios in the new cells? |
| a full copy of all the DNA of the original cell | when a growing cell undergoes cell division, each new cell gets ____ |
| cell cycle | the series of events that cells go through as they grow & divide is called______ |
| metaphase | the phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell is _______ |
| at the same time as telophase | cytokinesis usually occurs _______ |
| S phase of the cell cycle | DNA replication takes place during the _______ |
| surface area | the rate at which materials enter and leave through the cell membrane depends on the cell's______ |
| 2 daughter cells | the process of cell division results in______ |
| centromere | sister chromatids are attached to each other at an area called the _____ |
| 12 | if a cell has 12 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each of its daughter cells have after mitosis? |
| chromatids | at the beginning of the cell division, a chromosome consists of two____ |
| prophase | The phase of mitosis during which chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate from_____ |
| cyclins | the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells is believed to be controlled by a group of closely related proteins known as______ |
| speed up or slow down cell cycle | in the cell cycle, external regulators direct cells to_______ |
| cancer | uncontrolled cell division occurs in______ |
| cytokinesis | the second stage, division of the cytoplasm |
| chromatids | each chromosomes consists of two identical "sister" ________ |
| centromeres | located near the middle of the chromatids |
| cell cycle | the series of events that cells go through as they grow divide |
| centrioles | two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope |
| Interphase | the cell grows and replicates its DNA and centrioles |
| Cytokinesis | the cytoplasm pinches in half. Each daughter cell has an identical set of duplicate chromosomes. |
| Telophase | the chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct shapes. Two nuclear envelopes will form. |
| Anaphase | the sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are moved apart |
| Prophase | the chromatin condenses into chromosomes. The centrioles separate, and a spindle begins to form. The nuclear envelope breaks down. |
| Metaphase | the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Each chromosome is connected to a spindle fiber at its centromere |
| spindle | fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes |
| length x width x 6 | Surface Area |
| length x width x height | Volume |
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