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restate/restatement To say again, to put into your own words synonym A word that is similar or almost the same antonym A word that is the opposite or near opposite excerpt A section of writing taken out of a larger passage analyze To break apart a word, sentence, or passage and look closely at each part to understand it better prefix A part of a word that is added to the front of a word and adds meaning. suffix A part of a word that is added to the end of a word and adds meaning. context Words, phrases, and other clues that help a reader fully understand the author's message and figure out an unknown word. connotation The feeling and other associations attached to a word. It can be described as positive, negative, or neutral. inference/infer A conclusion by the reader based on details from the passage and background knowledge. implied When something is not directly stated by the author it is main idea One sentence that tells what is passage is mostly about summary The main points and key details in a passage paraphrase To restate in your own words relevant Important and related to the main idea stated Said, mentioned, or included in the passage support Words and phrases that are related to the main idea help do this significant A synonym for relevant, an important idea that relates to the main idea text organization/text structure The way details in a passage relate to each other description a text pattern used to give sensory details about a topic enumeration a list of related details, commas and bullets signal this text pattern sequence a text pattern that gives a specific order of details clue words include: first, next, finally chronological order/chronology time-order--an example of a sequence clues include: dates, times, a timeline is an example compare/contrast a text pattern that shows similarities and differences between two or more topics clue words include: and, like, in contrast, on the other hand draw a conclusion To connect details together in a way that logically fits together or reaches a solution. indicate To show or point out author's purpose The reason why an author wrote a passage or the reason why an author includes a specific detail suggest To imply or hint at, not stated directly author's perspective The author's point of view on a topic, viewpoint tone The way an author feels about a topic which is suggested through choices of words. approving a tone word that shows a mildly positive feeling toward the topic meaning to accept appreciative a tone word that shows a positive tone toward the topic meaning to feel gratitude complimetary a tone word that shows a positive tone toward the topic meaning to praise exuberant a tone word that shows a extremely positive tone toward the topic meaning gushing and overly enthusiastic critical a tone word that shows a negative tone toward the topic meaning to point out flaws resentful a tone word that shows a negative tone toward the topic meaning to wish you could have done something differently sarcastic a tone word that shows a negative tone toward the topic meaning to say one thing, but mean the opposite mocking a tone word that shows a strongly negative tone toward a topic meaning to ridicule and make fun of biased a tone word that shows how someone takes a particular side of an argument impartial a neutral tone word that means to not take either side/part unbiased a neutral tone word that means to give both sides equal say and not take a side skeptical a tone word that shows how the author has doubts about the topic reminiscent a tone word that means to positively remember the past nostalgic a tone word that means to long for the past--strongly positive grim a tone word meaning to cause a feeling of dread--strongly negative indifferent a negative tone word that means to not care either way ironic a tone word and literary device that means a contrast between what is expected and what happens example: I love waking up to go to FCAT Saturday mournful a tone word that means a feeling of loss or grieving grieving a tone word that means the feeling of losing a loved one somber a tone word that means serious, or dark and gloomy flashback a memory of a past event setting the location and time a story takes place foreshadowing a clue that something is about to happen characters the people in a novel, movie, play narrator the person telling the story theme/moral the general lesson that can be learned from a story---NOT the specific problem and solution in the story conflict the main problem in the story personification giving human-like characteristics to animals or objects tone the attitude the author has toward a topic climax the most exciting or intense part of the story metaphor a comparison without like or as example:climbing a mountain represents success, "fireworks" mood the feeling the author creates in the story example: It was a dark and scary night simile a comparison using like or as onomatopoeia a sound word examples crash! bang! rhyme scheme the pattern of rhyming words in a poem or song. Look at the last word in a each line. Every word that rhymes is assigned the same letter resolution the action of solving a problem stanza a paragraph of poetry line one row of poetry hyperbole an exaggeration accurate information that is correct, free from error valid/ validity credible, facts with enough evidence to be justified and believed evaluate to judge and form an opinion synthesis the combination of facts from different sources primary/primarily most important, most importantly aid to help contribute to help cause something, the partial cause of something emphasize to stress something and give it importance quotation a statement of someone's exact words effective having a successful result evidence verification or proof diagram a text feature that illustrates and points out key features caption a text feature that explains a diagram or picture graph a text feature that shows a numeric comparison of information bold words a text feature that emphasizes key words italicized print a text feature that is slanted writing that emphasizes key words footnotes a text feature that includes extra information at the bottom of the page sidebar a text feature that includes extra information on the side of the page textbox a text feature that includes extra information, often in a box, on the page headings and subheadings a text feature that gives the main idea of the upcoming section of information chart a text feature that organizes information into columns types of evidence facts, statistics, expert testimony, examples, observation, comparisons types of organization patterns/structures description, enumeration, sequence, compare/contrast, cause and effect credibility how believable a source, expert, or fact is distractor an answer choice designed to trick FCAT test takers into picking it graphic a text feature that visually illustrates information from the passage