| Term | Definition |
|---|
| gamete | an organisms reproductive cells, such as sperm or egg cells |
| binary fission | a form of asexual reproduction that produces identical offspring |
| gene | a segment of DNA that codes for a protein or RNA molecule |
| chromosomes | the DNA and the proteins associated with DNA |
| chromatids | the two exact copies of DNA that make up each chromosome |
| centromere | the point where the two chromatids of a chromosome are attached |
| homologous chromosomes | chromosomes that are similar in size, shape and genetic content |
| diploid | a cell which contains two sets of chromosomes |
| haploid | a cell which contains one set of chromosomes |
| zygote | a fertilized egg |
| autosomes | chromosomes that are not directly involved in determining the sex of an individual |
| sex chromosomes | one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans containing genes that determine the sex of an individual |
| karyotype | a photo of the chromosomes in a dividing cell that shows the chromosome arranged by size |
| cell cycle | a repeating sequence of cellular growth and division during the life of an organism |
| interphase | the first three phases of the cell cycle in which the cell spends 90% of its time |
| mitosis | the process during cell division in which the nucleus of a cell is divided into two nuclei |
| cytokinesis | the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm divides |
| cancer | the uncontrolled growth of cells due to mutations |
| spindles | cell structures made up of both centrioles and individual microtube fibers that are involved in moving chromosomes during cell division |
Combine with other sets
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