Pre-ap U.S. History ch. 2
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Iroquois Confederacy | a powerful group of Native Americans in the eastern part of the United States made up of five nations: the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondoga, and Oneida |
| Buffer | a cushion-like device that reduces shock due to contact (The English crown intended to serve Georgia chiefly as this) |
| Yamasee Indians | Defeated and dispersed by the South Carolinians |
| Tuscarora War | The North Carolinians, aided by their heavily armed brothers from the south retaliated by crushing the Indians ________. Selling hundreds of the ________ Indians into slavery and leaving the survivors to wander northward to seek the protection of the Iroquois. |
| Squatters | Poor farmers in North Carolina and elsewhere who occupied land and raised crops without gaining legal title to the soil (usually tobacco). |
| Barbados Slave Code | Denied even the most fundamental rights to slaves and gave masters virtually complete control over their laborers, (including the right to inflict vicious punishments for even slight infractions). |
| Act of Toleration | Passed in Maryland, guaranteed toleration of all Christians but decreed the death penalty for those, like Jews and atheists, who denied the divinity of Jesus Christ. Ensured that Maryland would continue to attract a high proportion of Catholic migrants throughout the colonial period. |
| 2nd Anglo-Powhatan War | Last-ditch effort by the Indians to dislodge Virginia settlements. The resulting peace treaty formally separated white and Indian areas of settlement. |
| 1st Anglo-Powhatan War | Series of clashes between Indian's Powhatan Confederacy and English settlers in VA. English colonists torched and pillaged Indian villages, applying tactics used in England's campaigns against the Irish. (1614) |
| Jamestown | First permanent English settlement in North America founded by the Virginia Company. |
| Charter | A legal document granted by a government to some group or agency to implement a stated purpose, and spelling out the attending rights and obligations. British colonial ___________ guaranteed inhabitants all the rights of englishmen, which helped solidify colonists ties to Britain during the early years of settlement. |
| Joint-Stock Company | Short term partnership between multiple investors to fund a commercial enterprise such arrangements were used to fund England's early colonial ventures. |
| Primogeniture | the legal principle that the oldest son inherits all family property or land. Landowners' younger sons, forced to seek their fortune elsewhere, pioneered early exploration and settlement of the Americas. |
| Spanish Armada | _________ fleet defeated in the English Channel in 1588. The defeat of the _________ marked the beginning of the decline of the Spanish Empire. |
| Roanoke Island | English colony that Raleigh planted on an island off North Carolina in 1585; the colonists who did not return to England disappeared without a trace in 1590 |
| Protestant Reformation | Movement to reform the Catholic Church launched in Germany by Martin Luther. Reformers questioned the authority of the Pope, sought to eliminate the selling of indulgences, and encouraged the translation of the Bible from latin, this few at the time could read. The Reformation was launched in England in the 1530's when King Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic Church. |
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