Chemistry-Solutions (CH.17&18)
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Colloids | heterogenous mixtures large molecules [in dispersed phase] dispersion medium=solid, liquid or gas glues, gelatin, paint, aerosol spray, smoke cloudy or milky in appearance clear when dilute particles cannot be retained by filterpaper particles do not settle tyndall effect |
| Suspensions | particles settle out upon standing very large particles heterogenous at least two substances can be clearly identified particles are retained in a filter |
| Tyndall effect | the scattering of visible light in all directions |
| Brownian motions | chaotic movement of colloidal particles [b/c of light] |
| Emulsions | colloidal dispersion of liquids in liquids |
| Emulsifying agent | essential for the formation of an emulsion and for maintaining the emulsion's stability |
| Effervescence | rapid escape of gas from a liquid |
| miscible | liquids disolve freely into each other |
| immiscible | liquids not soluable in each other |
| Henry's law | S1/P1=S2/P2 |
| in a gas, increased pressure... | increased solubility |
| in a gas, increased temp | decreased solubility |
| factors that affect the rate of a solution being formed | increased surface area stirring heating solvent concentration of solvent (M) |
| Dilution | M1V1=M2V2 |
| like dissolves like | polar disolves polar nonpolar dissolves nonpolar |
| solute | substance that will be dissolved |
| solvent | substance that will do the dissolving |
| soluable | substance's capability of dissolving |
| molarity | molesof solute/solution (L) |
| miscible | liquidsdissolve freely into each other(Alcohol/water) |
| immiscibe | liquids dontdissolvefreely in each other (Oil/water) |
| homogeneous | looks the same,one phase only, colloids&solutions |
| hetergenous | looks different, more than one phase, suspension |
| this is/are not a true solution | suspension |
| this is/are a true solution | colloids, solutions |
| grinding... | increases surface area and rate of solvation |
| hydrates | ionic crystals that have formed water into its structure in specific ratios |
| colligative properties | any property of a solution that is changed because of the addition of a soute |
| nonelectrolyte in solutions | a nonelectrolyte will lower the freezing point and raise the boiling point of the solvent at a constant rate. the tendency for a nonelectrolyte in solution to change phase is lower than that for a pure solvent |
| Freezing point formula | change in tempF=(m)(Kf)(n) |
| boiling point formula | change in tempB=(m)(Kb)(n) |
| percent by volume | (volume of solute)/(solution of volume) X100 units should be same .. |
| percent by mass | (mass of soulte (g))/(solution of volume (mL)) X100 |
| molality is also known as | molal concentration |
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