CHAPTER 7 ELECTRICITY
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Created by:
gumbymelon on April 7, 2011
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67 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Electricity | a form of energy that, when in motion, exhibits magnetic, chemical or thermal effects |
| electrons have a _________ charge | negative |
| an electric current is | the flow of electricity along a conductor |
| a conductor is | any substance that easily transmits electricity |
| an example of a conductor is | copper and water |
| an insulator or nonconductor is | a substance that does not easliy transmit electricity |
| an example of an insulator is | rubber, silk, wood, glass, cement |
| complete circuit is | the path of an electric current from the generating source through conductors and back to its origional source |
| direct current (DC) is | a constanmt, evenflowing current that travels in one direction |
| converter | an apperatus that changes DC to AC |
| alternating current (AC) is | a rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction, then in the opposite direction. |
| how fast does AC occur | 60 times per second |
| a rectifier is | an apparatus that changes AC to DC |
| volt = | the unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons |
| amp = | the unit that measures the strength of an electric current |
| milliampere = | 1/1000 of an ampere |
| ohm = | the unit that measures resistance of an electric current |
| watt = | a measurement of how much electric energy is being used in one second |
| kilowatt = | 1000 watts |
| fuse is | a special device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit |
| a curcuit breaker is | a switch that automatically inturrupts or shuts off an electric current at the first indication of overload |
| all electrical appliences must have at least ___ connections | 2 |
| Underwriters Laboratory | certifies the safety of electrical devices |
| for additional ground some plugs have what? | a third connection |
| electrical facial treatments are known as | electotherapy |
| electrotheraphy treatmensta are also known as | modalities |
| a electrode is | an applicator for directing the electric current from the machiene to the clients skin |
| an anode is | a positive electrode |
| a cathode is | a negative electrode |
| the most common used modality is | galvanic current |
| galvanic is used for | unblocking clogged pores and to drive solutions into the skin |
| the active electrode is | the electrode that is used on the area to be treated |
| the inactive electrode is | the electrode that is not used on the area to be treated |
| what electrode closes the pores andf produces acidic reactions | anode |
| what electrode opens the pores andf produces alkaline reactions | cathode |
| ionophoresis | the process of introducing water-soluble products into the skin. |
| cataphoresis | forces acidic substances into the skin |
| anaphoresis | forces alkaline substances into the skin |
| desincrustation | process which uses the negative pole to soften and emulsfy oil and blackheads in hair folicles |
| Faradic current | is an alternating and interruped current that produces a mechanical reaction without a chemical effect. |
| sinusoidal current | an alternating current thaqt produces mechanical reactions and tones the muscles |
| microcurrent | an extreamly low level of electricity that mirrors the bodys own electrical impulses |
| Tesla high frequency current | a thermal or heat producing current with a high oscillation or vibration |
| visible light | electromagnetic radiation we can see |
| electromagnectic radiation | carries or radiates enery through space on waves |
| wavelength | the distance between two wave peaks |
| visible light makes up _______% of ntural sunlight | 35 |
| invisible rays make up _________% of natural sunlight | 65 |
| what color has the shortest wavelength | violet |
| what color has the longest wavelength | red |
| ultraviolet rays (UV) make up _________% of natural sunlight | 5 |
| UVA are | the longest and penetrate into the dermis |
| UVB are | burning rays |
| UVC are | short rays blocked by the ozone layer |
| light therapy or phototherapy does what? | kills bacteria on skin and help body produce vitamin D |
| Infrared rays make up _________% of natural sunlight | 60 |
| white light | has all benefits of the full spectrum |
| blue light | should be used on oily skin that is bare |
| red light | should be used on dry skin with oils or cream |
| ultraviolet light produces what in the skin | vitamin D |
| what color light penetrates the deepest? | Red |
| lasers work by selective | photothermology |
| photothermology | a process that turns the light from a laser into heat |
| LED blue | reduces acne |
| LED red | good for circulation and improving collagen |
| LED yellow | reduces swelling and inflamation |
| LED green | good for hyperpigmentation |
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