Circulatory, Repiratory, and Immune Systems
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Created by:
sophiacarmen on April 7, 2011
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Myocardium | thick middle muscle layer of the heart; pumps blood through the circulatory system |
| Atrium | large muscular upper chamber of the heart the receives and holds blood that is about to enter the ventricle |
| Ventricle | thick-walled lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart |
| Pulmonary circulation | pathway in which the right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs |
| Systemic circulation | pathway in which the left side of the heart pumps blood to all the body except the lungs |
| Valve | flap of connective tissue between an atrium and a ventricle, or in a vein, that prevents backflow of veins |
| Aorta | large blood vessels in mammals through which blood travels from the left ventricle to all parts of the body except lungs |
| Artery | large blood vessel that carried blood from the heart to the tissue of the body |
| Capillary | smallest vessel; brings nutrients and Oxygen to the tissues and absorbs carbon dioxide and waste products |
| Vein | blood vessel that returns blood to the heart |
| Atherosclerosis | conditions in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on the walls of the arteries |
| trachea | windpipe; tube through which air moves |
| Larynx | structure in the throat containing the vocal cords |
| Bronchus | passageway leading from the trachea to a lung |
| Alveolus | tiny air sac at the end of a bronchiole in the lungs that provides surface area for gas exchange to occur |
| Diaphragm | large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that contracts during breathing, pulling the bottom of the chest cavity down and increasing its volume |
| Emphysema | disease in which the tissues of the lung lose elasticity, making breathing very difficult |
| Inflammatory response | non-specific defense reaction to tissue damage cause by injury or infection |
| Fever | elevated body-temperature that occurs in response to infection |
| Immune response | the body's specific defenses that attack a disease-causing agent |
| Antigen | substance that triggers an immune system |
| Humoral immunity | immunity against pathogens in the body fluids |
| Antibody | specialized protein that helps destroy disease-causing organisms |
| Cell-mediated immunity | an immune response in which killer T cells attack antigen-bearing cells directly |
| Vaccination | injection of a weakened of mild form of a pathogen to produce immunity |
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