| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Fertile Crescent | The area between the Mediterranean Sea, the Middle East and Southwest Asia |
| Enlil | The Sumerian god of clouds and air |
| Sargon | A Sumerian ruler who ruled from Kish. He, with his army, conquered the city-states around them, creating the worlds first empire. |
| Hammurabi | A Babylonian ruler. He installed a code, which was a set of laws and bylaws to follow. |
| Ziggurat | A temple or palace. |
| Silt | A thick bed of mud. |
| City-State | A place with the same culture, but an independent government and laws. |
| Technological Advances of Sumer | The wheel, the plow, the sail, maps, a writing system, and the use of mud bricks. |
| Torah | A collection of sacred literatures on a scroll. Said to be the Old Testament |
| Abraham | The "father" of the Hebrews. A shepard from Ur, he made a covenant with god to lead the Hebrews out of Ur and to their promised land of Canaan. |
| Moses | A Hebrew who was adopted by an Egyptian princess. When he was an adult he was told by god to lead the Hebrews out of Egypt. |
| Saul | One of three kings of the Hebrew empire. He was picked for driving the Phillisitines out of Palestine. |
| David | One of three kings of the Hebrew empire. He united the tribes, established the capitol city of Jerusalem, and created a dynasty within the Hebrew empire. |
| Solomon | One of three kings of the Hebrew empire. He built a trade empire with Phoenicia. He also built a great capitol in Israel that held the Ark of the covenant. |
| Prophet | A person who claims to have been spoken to or spoken to god. |
| Covenant | A mutual promise between god and the leader of the Hebrews. |
| Jews | People from the tribe of Judah |
| Tribute | Peace money paid from a weaker nation to a stronger nation. |
| Ethical Monotheism | The belief in one god and that he wants us to be good to one another. |
| Monotheism | The Belief in one god. |
| The Ten Commandments | The rules of what one cannot do in Judaism. Set forth by god and brought to the people by Moses. |
| 5 Things That Make Up A Civilization | 1) Record Keeping 2) Cities 3) Complex Institutions 4) Advanced Technology 5) Specialized Workers |
| Cultural Diffusion | The spread of an idea from one culture to another. |
| Empire | A series of cities and cultures under the control of one ruler |
| The Exodus | A time when the Hebrews moved from Egypt to Canaan |
| Dynasty | A type of government where power is passed down to the rulers son. And his son... |
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