Medical Terminology & Body Systems - Digestive
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Function of Digestion | Chemically and Mechanically breaks down food Absorbs nutrients Eliminates waste inthe form of stool |
| Organs found in the oral cavity | lips, cheeks, teeth, tongue |
| Throat (laryng/o) | Considered the passageway for digestion |
| Salivary glands | Glands pertaining to saliva, secretes enzymes to help moisten and breakdown food |
| Parotid glands | located below cheeks by ears |
| sublingual glands | located below the tongue |
| submandible glands | located under the jaw |
| epiglottis | made of flexible muscle, small flap, aids in swallowing, covers the trachea |
| bolus | A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and mixed with saliva |
| esaphagus | a tubelike structure that goes through and into the thoracic cavity |
| Peristalsis | wavelike contractions that help move bolus |
| stomach (gastr/o) | divided into 3 parts, cardiac sphincter, body and pyloris |
| Digestive juices excreted in the stomach (enzymes) | pepsin and hydrochloric acid |
| amylase | starch enzyme |
| lipase | fat enzyme |
| protase | protein enzyme |
| lactase | dairy enzyme |
| bile | A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles. |
| 3 parts of the small intestines | duodenum, jejunum and ileum |
| chyme | a semiliquid mass of partially digested food that passes from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum |
| 3 parts of the large intestines | ascending, transverse and decending colon |
| ulcers | marked by inflamation and necrotic tissue |
| Chrohn's Disease | Inflamatory bowel disease |
| Hepatitis | Inflamation of the liver |
| GERD | Gastroesaphageal Reflux Disease - regurgitation of stomach acids |
| chole/o | gall bladder - stores bile and salt |
| colon/o | colon |
| pancreat/o | pancreas - produces insulin |
| -pepsia | digestion |
| Sigmoid colon | Stool is stored here |
| Liver (hepat/o) | largest gland of the body - vital organ |
| anabolism | large molecules made into small molecules |
| catabolism | molecules broken into simplest form |
| metabolism | use of the molecules |
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