IS chapters 7-9
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65 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Business Process Management (BPM) | systematic process of creating, assessing, and altering a buisness process |
| Stages of BPM cycle | model processes, creates components, implements processes, assess results (continuous) |
| scope of BPM | varies with the type of business process |
| Functional processes | involve activities within a single department or function Advantage- process independently, easier Challenge- islands of automation-isolation working independent of one another |
| cross-functional | involve activities among several or even many business departments Advantage- reduce isolated systems challenge- interdependence, conflicts during BPM *solve problems through committee and policy |
| Customer Relationship management (CRM) | activities of various departments (cross functional) |
| inter-organizational processes | many companies, cross organizational boundaries advantage- BPM improves outcomes for all parties challenge- conflicts between organizations *solve through negotiation, contract,s litigation |
| Object Management Group (OMG) | created set of terms and notations for documenting business programs |
| As-is business process | document current situations and then changes that model to make adjustments to solve process problems |
| improving the performance of business processes | add/reduce resources, alter structure, both |
| brute-force approach | add more resources without changing structure, only for companies with a lot of money |
| role of IS in Business Process | implement buisness process activities |
| Merchant Companies | those who take title to goods they sell B2C B2B B2G |
| Non-Merchant Companies | arrange for purchase and sale of goods without owning or taking title of goods auctions, clearinghouses, electronic exchange |
| E-commerce | buying and selling of goods and services over public and private computer networks |
| disintermediation | elimination of middle layers in supply chain |
| price elasticity information | measures amount that demand increase or decreases with changes in price |
| channel conflict | discontinued products, if buying from retailer cheaper than ecommerce |
| price conflict | between retailer and manufacturer |
| increased logistic expenses | in entering and processing orders in smaller quantities |
| increased customer service expense | for manufacture, selling one on one, less knowledgeable customers |
| three tier architecture | commerce server application |
| user tier | computers that have browsers that request and process web pages |
| server tier | computers that run web servers and process application programs |
| database tier | consists of computers that run a DBMS and process SQL requests to retrieve and store data |
| Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) | rules for transferring documents and data over internet, enables communication |
| webpage | document, coded in one standard page markup languages that is transmitted using HTTP-HTML |
| web servers | programs that run on a server tier computer and manage HTTP traffic by sending and receiving Webpages to and from clients |
| browser | computer program on the client computer that processes web pages |
| commerce server | application program that runs a sever tier computer |
| web farm | several or many web server computers |
| hypertext markup language (HTML) | tag based markup language like XML, define structure and layout of webpage |
| tag | notation used to define a data element |
| hyperlinks | pointers to other webpages |
| attribute | variable used to provide properties about a tag |
| web 2.0 | loose cloud of capabilities, technologies, business models, and philosophies, enhances interconnectivity between users, promotes interactivity of web-delivered content thus fueling new round of web-enabled innovation |
| organic user interface and mashups | output form 2+ websites is combined into 1, interface changes all the time while traditional is usually very same |
| participation and ownership | no one owns content, all about participation, traditional is about publishing |
| viral marketing | no advertising is done just word of mouth and such |
| adwords | pay a certain amount for particular search words, changes day to day and hour to hour, traditional is always the same |
| adsense | inserts ads that match content on sites when people click it, organization pays a fee based on clicks |
| user generate content (UGC) | product recommendations and user reviews |
| crowdsourcing | process by which organizations involve their users in their design and marketing of their product |
| business intelligence system | provides information for improving decision making, smarter decisions, new opportunities |
| reporting systems | integrate data form multiple sources and they process that data by sorting, grouping, summing, averaging, and comparing competitive advantage- increase decision making by delivering accurate and timely info to right person |
| data- mining systems | application of statistical technologies to find patterns and relationships among data and to classify and predict, process data using sophisticated statistical technologies competitive advantage- help businesses anticipate events and predict future business outcomes |
| unsupervised | model that not created beforehand, hypothesis created after analysis |
| cluster analysis | statistical technologies identify groups of entities with similar characteristics |
| supervised | model made before analysis and statistical technologies estimate parameters of model |
| regression analysis | measures impact of a set of variables on another variable |
| neural networks | used to predict values and make classifications |
| knowledge management systems (KM) | create value from intellectual capital by collecting and sharing human knowledge of products, product uses, best practices and other critical info from employees, managers, customers, and suppliers, supported by all 5 IS components competitive advantage- save time, prevent knowledge re-creation |
| expert systems | encapsulate knowledge of human experts in the form of If Then rules competitive advantage- increase decision quality of non-experts (new physicians) |
| report tool | can show customer cancelled, a system can alert customer's salesperson |
| dirty data | problematic data (B for gender, 213 for age) |
| missing value | if process without certain values (age) |
| inconsistent data | if data gathered over time (area code changes) |
| non-integrated data | if record some info in another database |
| data granularity | degree of summarization or detail |
| course granularity | highly summarized, not enough info |
| fine granularity | precise details, very detailed, usually better than coarse |
| clickstream data | very fine data, because so fine lots of data needs to be thrown away |
| too much data | if too much, too many attributes, solution- statistical sampling |
| data warehouse | extract and clean data from operating systems and other sources, store and catalog data for processing BI tools |
| data marts | data collection that is created to address the needs of a particular business function, problem, or opportunity |
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